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國際市場營銷常用中英文

發布時間:2021-05-07 15:59:48

市場營銷相關的中英文對照文章,3000字左右,

要找中英文對照,3000字,這不大可能哦,
如果需要,我可以給你翻譯,
qq:149019696

❷ 市場營銷中幾個英文縮寫代表什麼

1、CS:英文Customer Satisfaction的縮寫,意為「顧客滿意」。

2、4Ps,即:產品(Proct) 、價格(Price) 、促銷(Promotion)、通路與配銷 渠道和分銷(Place&Distribution)。

3、4Cs,包括:顧客(Customer)、成本(Cost)、溝通(Communication)、便利(convenience)。

4、PLC:The Proct Life Cycle 產品生命周期

5、STP:在現代市場營銷理論中,市場細分(Market Segmentation)、 目標市場(Market Targeting)、 市場定位(Market Positioning)是構成公司營銷戰略的核心三要素,被稱為STP營銷。

6、4R分別指代Relevance(關聯)、Reaction(反應)、Relationship(關系)和Reward(回報)。

(2)國際市場營銷常用中英文擴展閱讀:

SWOT方法分析市場,SWOT方法用來確定企業本身的競爭優勢、競爭劣勢、機會和威脅,從而將公司的戰略與公司內部資源、外部環境有機結合,主要以下四點:

1、strength(優勢):評估自己的長處

2、weakness(劣勢):找出自己的短處

3、opportunity(機會):發現自己的機會

4、threats(威脅):認識到存在的威脅

❸ 市場營銷英文文獻翻譯成中文3000字

一、服務營銷。

現代經濟發展的一個顯著特徵是服務業的蓬勃發展,其在國民經濟中的地位愈來愈重要,服務營銷的重要性日益突出,中國已經加入WTO ,外資企業紛紛搶灘中國,中外服務市場營銷大戰將出現白熱化的態勢。現實經濟生活中的服務可以區分為兩大類。一種是服務產品,產品為顧客創造和提供的核心利益主要來自無形的服務。另一種是功能服務,產品的核心利益主要來自形成的成分,無形的服務只是滿足顧客的非主要需求。貝瑞認為,在產品的核心利益來源中,有形的成分比無形的成分要多,那麼這個產品就可以看作是一種「商品」(有形產品) ;如果無形的成分比有形的成分要多,那麼這個產品就可以看作是一種「服務」。與服務的這種區分相一致,服務營銷的研究形成了兩大領域,即服務產品的營銷和顧客服務營銷。服務產品營銷的本質是研究如何促進作為產品的服務的交換;顧客服務營銷的本質則是研究如何利用服務作為一種營銷工具促進有形產品的交換。但是,無論是服務產品營銷,還是顧客服務營銷,服務營銷的核心理念都是顧客滿意和顧客忠誠,通過取得顧客的滿意和忠誠來促進相互有利的交換,最終實現營銷績效的改進和企業的長期成長。

First, services marketing.

Modern economic development is characterized by a significant service instry booming national economy, the status of its growing importance of services marketing highlights the growing importance of China has joined WTO, foreign companies have to seize the Chinese, and foreign services, marketing war will appear white-hot trend. Economic life of service can be divided into two categories. One is service procts, proct creation and delivery for customers mainly from the core interests of intangible services. The other is the function of services, procts, mainly from the formation of the core interests of the ingredients, invisible only to meet customer service needs of non-major. Berry think that the source of the proct's core interests, the tangible and intangible elements of composition to be more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "commodity" (tangible procts); if intangible components of tangible elements to more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "service." And services consistent with this distinction, service marketing research formed the two major areas, namely services, procts, marketing and customer service marketing. Service is the essence of proct marketing, how to promote the exchange of proct services; customer service is of the essence of marketing, how to use the services as a marketing tool to promote the exchange of tangible procts. However, both services proct marketing, or customer service, marketing, service marketing is the core concept of customer satisfaction and loyalty, and by obtaining customer satisfaction and loyalty to the promotion of mutually beneficial exchange, and ultimately sales performance improvement and long-term business growth.

二、網路營銷

互聯網路是一種利用通訊線路,將全球電腦納入國際聯網的信息傳送系統必將是未來市場營銷最重要的渠道。網路營銷的特性包括;可24 小時隨時隨地地提供全球性營銷服務;電腦可儲存大量的信息,代消費者查詢,可傳送的信息數量與精確度,遠超過其他媒體;能因應市場需求,及時更新產品或調整價格;減少印刷與郵遞成本;且無店面租金,節約水電與人工成本;可避免推銷員強勢推銷的干擾;可經由信息提供與互動交談,與消費者建立長期良好的關系。互聯網路是一種功能最強大的營銷工具,它同時兼具渠道、促銷、電子交易、互動顧客服務以及市場信息分析與提供的多種功能。

它以聲光互動溝通的特質,作為跨越時空的媒體,已深深吸引年青一代人的眼光。此外,它所具備的一對一營銷能力,正是符合[ 分眾營銷]與[ 直效營銷]的未來趨勢。 網路營銷可視為一種新興的營銷渠道,它並非一定要取代傳統的渠道,而是經由信息科技發展,來創新與重組營銷渠道。但不可否認的是,網路營銷必然會給傳統營銷造成沖擊,因此商業界必須要注意這種趨勢,並與軟體產業作密切的聯系與合作。以廣告業為例,在最新媒體時代,銷售是從開始到完成的一貫作業,就是說由吸引注意、引發興趣、造成購買欲、進行采購,一氣而成,而廣告公司將參與營銷的全程。商業企業也有必要改變傳統的組織形態,提升新媒體部門的功能,引進兼具營銷素養與電腦科技的人才,未來才能具備市場的競爭優勢。
Second, network marketing.

Use of the Internet is a communication line, into the international network of global computer information delivery system will be the next most important channel for marketing. Internet Marketing features include; can provide anytime, anywhere 24 hours of global marketing services; computer can store large amounts of information, on behalf of consumer inquiries, the amount of information transmitted and accuracy, far more than other media; to meet market demands in a timely manner Update proct or price adjustments; rece printing and mailing costs; and no store rent, saving water and labor costs; can avoid the interference of a salesman selling strong; can talk through the provision of information and interaction with consumers long-term good relations. Internet is the most powerful marketing tool, it also combines Qu, marketing, electronic transactions, interactive customer service and market information analysis and delivery of a variety of functions.

It features sound and light interactive communication, as of time, the media, who have been attracted to the eyes of the younger generation. In addition, it has a one to one marketing capabilities, it is consistent with [Focus marketing] and [direct marketing] future trend.

Internet marketing can be considered as an emerging marketing channels, it is not necessarily to replace the traditional channels, but through the development of information technology to innovation and re-marketing channels. But it is undeniable that online marketing is bound to impact traditional marketing, so the business community must pay attention to this trend, and with the software instry for close contact and cooperation. Advertising instry as an example, in the latest media age, sales are consistent from start to finish operation, that is attracting attention from the triggered interest, resulting in purchases, procurement, these cities become, and advertising companies will participate in the marketing of the whole. Commercial enterprises also need to change the traditional organizational forms, to enhance the functions of the new media sector, the introction of both quality and marketing personnel in computer technology, the future can have the market's competitive advantage.
三、綠色營銷。

所謂「綠色營銷」,是指社會和企業在充分意識到消費者日益提高的環保意識和由此產生的對清潔型無公害產品需要的基礎上,發現、創造並選擇市場機會,通過一系列理性化的營銷手段來滿足消費者以及社會生態環境發展的需要,實現可持續發展的過程。綠色營銷的核心是按照環保與生態原則來選擇和確定營銷組合的策略,是建立在綠色技術、綠色市場和綠色經濟基礎上的、對人類的生態關注給予回應的一種經營方式。目前,西方發達國家對於綠色產品的需求非常廣泛,而發展中國家由於資金和消費導向上和消費質量等原因,還無法真正實現對所有消費需求的綠化。以我國為例,目前只能對部分食品、家電產品、通訊產品等進行部分綠化;而發達國家已經通過各種途徑和手段,包括立法等,來推行和實現全部產品的綠色消費。從而培養了極為廣泛的市場需求基礎,為綠色營銷活動的開展打下了堅實的根基。以綠色食品為例,英國、德國綠色食品的需求完全不能自給,英國每年要進口該食品消費總量的80% ,德國則高達98%。這表明,綠色產品的市場潛力非常巨大,市場需求非常廣泛。

綠色營銷只是適應二十一世紀的消費需求而產生的一種新型營銷理念,也就是說,綠色營銷還不可能脫離原有的營銷理論基礎。因此,綠色營銷模式的制定和方案的選擇及相關資源的整合還無法也不能脫離原有的營銷理論基礎,可以說綠色營銷是在人們追求健康、安全、環保的意識形態下所發展起來的新的營銷方式和方法。現代企業只有樹立起一種全新的可持續發展營銷的經營理念,努力開展綠色營銷,開發綠色產品,進行綠色生產,才能和可持續發展潮流相適應。同時,企業還可進一步「導向消費者」,促成可持續消費模式的全面建立和實現,承擔起促進社會發展和生態環境發展的責任和義務,使企業的經濟效益、社會效益和環境效益相統一。

Third, green marketing.

The so-called "green marketing" refers to the social and enterprises are fully aware of the increasing environmental awareness of consumers and the resulting need for clean-based pollution-free procts based on the discovery, creation and select market opportunities, through a series of rational means of marketing to meet consumer and community development needs of the ecological environment and realize sustainable development process. Green Marketing is the core ecological principles in accordance with environmental protection and to select and determine the marketing mix strategy is based on green technology, green markets and green based on economic, ecological concerns for the human response to a mode of operation. Some developed countries the demand for green procts is very extensive, but developing countries as capital and consumer orientation, quality and consumer reasons, it can not really achieve the greening of all consumer demand. Taiwan for instance, currently only some food, home appliances, communication procts, part-green; while developed countries have adopted a variety of ways and means, including legislation, etc., Lai Tuixing and the achievement of all procts Di green consumption. Thus having a very broad basis of market demand for green marketing activities have laid a solid foundation. To green, for example, the United Kingdom, Germany, the demand for green food can not self-sufficient, the United Kingdom every year, the import of 80% of the total food consumption in Germany is as high as 98%. This indicates that the market potential for green procts is very large, very wide market demand.

Green marketing is the twenty-first century consumer demand resulting from a novel marketing idea, that is, green marketing, marketing is also not out of the original theory. Therefore, the development of green marketing model and program selection and integration of related resources can not can not be severed from the original basis of marketing theory can be said that green marketing is the pursuit of health, safety, environmental protection, developed under the ideology of the new ways and means of marketing. Establish a modern enterprise is only a new marketing philosophy of sustainable development, make efforts to green marketing, the development of green procts for green proction, and sustainable development to adapt to the trend. At the same time, enterprises can further "consumer oriented", to promote sustainable consumption patterns of the full development and realization of their obligation to promote social development and ecological development of the responsibilities and obligations, so that their economic, social and environmental benefits .

❹ 市場營銷的英文

您好!外文名稱:Marketing
又稱為:市場學、市場行銷或行銷學
簡稱:營銷

❺ 高分跪求!!!市場營銷相關的中英文對照3000字左右的文章

術語:
PROFIT SHARING-------------------利潤分成
DOCK CHARGE----------------------碼頭費
INLAND CHARGE--------------------內陸轉運費
MERCHANDISE INSPECTION-----------商檢費
TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGE---------THC
DRAYAGE--------------------------提箱和還箱費
PEAK SEASON SURCHARGE------------旺季附加費
COMMISSION-----------------------傭金
MAILS FEE------------------------郵寄費
PANAMA CHANNEL CHARGE------------運河費
THE CHARGE OF FREIGHT------------運雜費
TRANSSHIPMENT COSTS -------------中轉費
VANNING FEE----------------------裝箱費
INSURANCE FEE--------------------保險費
CUSTOM CLEARANCE FEE-------------報關費
CY SURCHARGE---------------------CY交貨附加費
EQUIPMENT RETURN CHARGE----------空箱返還費
DIVERSION FEE--------------------改港費
EQUIPMENT CHANGING CHARGE--------改箱費
PORT CONGESTION SURCHARGE--------港口擁擠費
BUNKER ADJUSTIVE FACTOR----------BAF(燃油附加費)
CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTOR-------CAF(幣值附加費)
STORAGE CHARGE-------------------倉儲費
CUSTOM INSPECTION FEE------------查驗費
DEVANNING CHARGE-----------------拆箱費
DESTINATION DELIVERY CHARGE------DDC(終點碼頭卸貨費)
HANDLING CHARGE------------------代理費
REFUND---------------------------反佣
GENERAL RATE INCREASE------------GRI(全面漲價費)
OCEAN FREIGHT--------------------海運費
DOCUMENT TRANSFERING FEE---------換單費
EQUIPMENT REPOSITION SURCHARGE---空箱調運費
WAREHOUSE REFUND SHARING---------拼箱退佣
CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION--------CFS(集裝箱貨運站)

隨著社會的發展,行業競爭的日趨激烈,如何提高工作效率、降低管理成本、提高服務水平和企業的競爭能力,是每一個企業管理者最為關注的問題。越來越多的管理者認為實行計算機科學化管理是解決這一問題的關鍵。

物流運輸企業由於行業特點,傳統操作過程復雜,文件繁多,競爭日趨激烈。越來越多的信息問題涌現出來,例如:一方面,要不斷開發客戶市場,對客戶的基本資料,貨物分布情況、聯系人的喜好及聯系方式有較為全面的了解,另一方面,要作好財務的收付工作,確保運費能按時的收付,欠款一目瞭然,及時催繳。以往查閱厚厚的文件資料的做法,顯然是不可取的。必須採取更有效的解決辦法。同時收集處理信息的速度、信息的准確性、安全性,還影響到公司整體的管理水平和決策層對整體業務的控制和協調。採用計算機軟體管理信息是解決上述問題的一個行之有效的辦法。

物流管理軟體,就是根據物流運輸企業業務流程,將企業業務的各類數據聯系起來,組成一個有機的系統,使得業務、財務、市場等方面的信息得以方便、快捷地傳遞,並經過綜合處理生成各種報表送交給各個職能部門及決策層。應用物流管理軟體系統不僅可以節省大量的人力,減少工作中的失誤,對客戶的詢問可以迅速的從電腦中查詢信息答復客戶,而且可以幫助決策者及時調整公司經營策略,提高公司在同行業中的知名度,增強公司的競爭力。
過去物流管理著重在企業內部作業與組織的整合,對下游顧客的對應,是以服務與品質為主要重心。因此,評價物流的管理業績和效果的准則,多半是以處理訂單周期時間的速度,供貨率及完成質量來量度。

隨著物流業的發展,在供應鏈管理模式上增添新的內容,物流業出現了新的十大趨勢。

(一)物流管理從物的處理,提升到物的加值方案設計、解決和管理上。可以為客戶提供度身訂造式的,並帶有個性化的服務,企業逐漸轉向強調跨企業界限的整合,使得顧客關系的維護與管理變得越來越重要。

(二)由對立轉向聯合。傳統商業通道中,企業間多半以自我為中心,追求自我利益,因此往往造成企業間對立的局面。然而在追求更大競爭力的驅動下,許多企業開始在各個商業流通機能上整合,通過聯合規劃與作業,形成高度整合的供應鏈通道關系,使通道整體成績和效果大幅提升。

(三)由預測轉向終測。傳統的流通模式通過預測下游通道的資源來進行各項物流作業活動,不幸的是預測很少會准確的,因而浪費了許多自然及商業資源。新興的物流管理趨勢是強調通道成員的聯合機制,成員間願意互換營運及策略的信息,尤其是內部需求及生產的資料,使得上游的企業無需去預測,流通模式是逐漸由預測基礎轉向終測基礎發展。

(四)由經驗積累轉向變遷策略。一直以來經驗曲線是企業用來分析市場競爭趨勢及發展對應策略的方法,並以企業長年積累的經驗作為主要競爭武器,然而科技的突飛進步,企業固守既有經驗反而成為企業發展的障礙,因此在調度變化的環境下,經驗及現存通道基礎結構反變為最難克服的障礙,成功的企業要建立對策略方向的嗅覺和持續變遷管理體系才能生存。

(五)由絕對價值轉向相對價值。傳統財務評價只看一些絕對數值,新的評估方法將著重在相對價值的創造,亦即在通道中提供加值服務,顧客所增加的價值中企業可佔多少比例。

(六)由功能整合轉向程序整合。在競爭渠道日趨激烈的環境中,企業必須更快響應上、下游顧客的需要,因而必須有效整合各部門的營運,並以程序式的操作系統來動作,物流作業與活動多半具有跨功能,跨企業的特性,故程序式整合是物流管理成功的重點。

(七)由垂直整合轉向虛擬整合。在傳統渠道中,一些大企業進行通道的垂直整合,以期對通過掌握有更大的力量,事實證明這並不成功,反而分散了企業的資源,並將主業削弱。今日企業經營的趨勢是專注核心業務,將非核心業務委託給專業管理公司去做,形成虛擬企業整合體系,使主體企業提供更好的產品及服務。

(八)由信息保留轉向信息分享。在供應鏈管理結構下,供應鏈內相關企業必須將供應鏈整合所需的信息與其他企業分享,否則,無法形成有效的供應鏈體系。

(九)由訓練轉向知識學習。在可預見的未來,任何物流程序均以人力來完成。然而,物流作業多半需要在各個物流據點和運輸網路中進行,大約有90%的時間,物流主管無法親自加以監控。全球化的發展趨勢,也增加了物流人力資源管理的復雜度。物流主管必須將以個別人員技能訓練的方式,轉向知識基礎的學習發展。

(十)由管理會計轉向價值管理。未來許多企業願意投入許多資源建立基本會計系統,著重在提供增值創造,跨企業的管理信息,以期能確認可創造價值的作業,而非僅在於收益增加,成本升降上。

Along with society's development, the profession competition is day by day intense, how enhances the working efficiency, reces the management cost, the enhancement service level and enterprise's competitive ability, is each enterprise superintendent most matter of concern. More and more many superintendents thought the implementation computer scientific style management solves this question key.

The thing flows the transportation enterprise as a result of the profession characteristic, the tradition operating process complex, document many, the competition is day by day intense. The more and more many information question emerges, for example: On the one hand, must develop the customer market unceasingly, to the customer basic document, the cargo distribution situation, the contact person likes and the contact method has a more comprehensive understanding, on the other hand, must finish financial the receipts and disbursements work, guarantees the transport expense to be able on time receipts and disbursements, the debt to be clear, prompt press for payment. Formerly consulted the thick document material the procere, obviously was cannot be taken. Must adopt more effective solution. At the same time collects the process information the speed, the information accuracy, the security, but also affects the company whole management level and the decision-making strata to the overall service control and the coordination. Uses the computer software management information is solution above question effective means.

The thing class manages the software, is flows the transportation enterprise service flow according to the thing, according to relates the enterprise service various class numbers, composes an organic system, causes aspect the and so on service, finance, market information to be able to be convenient, to transmit quickly, and proces each kind of report form after synthesis processing to deliver for each function department and the decision-making strata. The appliance flows the management software system not only to be possible to save the massive manpower, reces in the work the fault, may be rapid to the customer inquiry inquires the information answer customer from the computer, moreover may help the policy-maker promptly to adjust the company to manage the strategy, enhances company's in same profession well-knownness, the enhancement company's competitive power.
In the past flowed the management emphatically in the enterprise interior work and organization's conformity, to the downriver customer's correspondence, was take serves and the quality as the main center of gravity. Therefore, the appraisal flows the management achievement and the effect criterion, is mostly by processes the order form period the speed, supplying goods rate and completes the quality to measure.

Along with the thing flowing instry development, increased the new content in the supply chain management pattern, thing flowing instry had the new ten major tendencies.

(1) thing flows the management from thing processing, promotes to in the thing Canadian value plan design, the solution and the management. May provides for the customer 度身訂造 -like, and has the personalization the service, the enterprise graally changes emphasized the cross enterprise boundary the conformity, causes the maintenance and the management which the customer relates changes more and more importantly.

(2) changes the union by the opposition. In the traditional commercial channel, the enterprise mostly take as the center, pursues the self- benefit, therefore often makes the aspect which the enterprise opposes. However in under the pursue bigger competitive power actuation, many enterprises starts in each commercial circulation function the conformity, through the union plan and the work, forms highly the conformity supply chain channel relations, causes the channel overall result and the effect large promotion.

(3) changes the final survey by the forecast. The traditional circulation pattern carries on each thing through the forecast downriver channel resources to flow the work activity, unfortunately forecasts very little can accurate, thus has wasted many natures and the commercial resources. The emerging thing flows the management tendency is emphasized the channel member's union mechanism, between the member is willing to exchange transport business and the strategy information upstream, in particular internal demand and the proction material, causes the enterprise not to need to forecast, the circulation pattern changes the final survey foundation development graally by the forecast foundation.

(4) accumulates by the experience changes the vicissitude strategy. The empirical curve has since always been the enterprise uses for to analyze the market competition tendency and the development correspondence strategy method, and the experience which accumulates by the enterprise elders takes the main competition weapon, however the science and technology flies suddenly the progress, the enterprise defends stubbornly already has the experience instead to become the barrier which the enterprise develops, therefore in under the dispatch change environment, the experience and the extant channel foundation structure instead becomes the barrier which most difficult to overcome, the success enterprise must establish to the strategy direction sense of smell and continues the vicissitude management system to be able to survive.

(5) changes the relative value by the absolute value. The traditional finance appraisal will look only some absolute values, the new appraisal method emphatically in the relative value creation, that is will provide adds the value service in the channel, in the value which the customer will increase the enterprise may account for how many proportions.

(6) changes the procere conformity by the function conformity. In the competition channel intense environment, the enterprise must day by day in a quicker response, the downriver customer's need, thus must effective conformity various departments' transport business, and acts by the procere -like operating system, the thing flows the work and the activity has the cross function mostly, cross enterprise's characteristic, therefore the procere type conformity is the thing class manages the successful key point.

(7) changes the hypothesized conformity by the vertical conformity. In the traditional channel, some big enterprises carry on the channel the vertical conformity, to through grasps by the time has a bigger strength, the fact proved this is not successful, instead dispersed enterprise's resources, and weakens the principal work. Today the enterprise manages the tendency is dedicated nucleus □0 □$.  The service, makes the non- core business request for the specialized management company, forms the hypothesized enterprise conformity system, causes the main body enterprise to provide a better proct and the service.

(8) changes the information share by the information retention. Under the supply chain management structure, supplies in the chain to be connected the enterprise to have to supply the information which the chain conformity needs to share with other enterprises, otherwise, is unable to form the effective supply chain system.

(9) changes the knowledge study by the training. In future which may foresee, any thing flows the procere to complete by the manpower. However, the thing flows the work to need to flow the foothold and in mostly the transportation network in each thing carries on, probably some 90% time, the thing flows the manager to be unable to perform to monitor personally. Globalization development tendency, also increased the thing to flow the human resources management the order of complexity. The thing flows the manager to have by the indivial personnel skill training way, changes the knowledge foundation the study development.

(10) changes the value management by management accounting. Future many enterprises will be willing to invest many resources establishments basic accountant the system, in will provide the increment creation emphatically, the cross enterprise's management information, by the time will be able the true approval creation value work, but must only will lie in the income to increase, in cost fluctuation.

❻ 國際市場營銷中的 3C 4P 5M 都是什麼請詳細的解釋一下

傳統的網路營銷觀點認為:網站的流量影響著媒體的價值和廣告營銷的效果,其精確計量單位已經進化到平均頁面逗留時間、用戶瀏覽行數,甚至使用月平均瀏覽網站的忠實用戶。這些曾經是毋庸置疑的事實,從而使人們對大流量網站形成了近乎偏執的信任。針對不同流量類型的網站,易觀國際結合實際研究利用一個3C模型(如下圖)對網站流量對應的網站價值作了分析。
模型圖表明,網站按流量的大小可以分為三種類型:
第一種是內容型(Content)網站,內容的廣泛性帶來絕對的流量和廣泛的用戶群,以新浪為代表,此類網站以品牌廣告收入為主要營收。
第二種類型是社區型(Community)網站,網站流量來自於為不同的細分人群提供不同的服務,針對性強但絕對值少於內容型網站,以淘寶、攜程等網路社區類網站為代表,此類網站以廣告收入和增值業務收入為主要營收。
第三種類型是電子商務(Commerce)型網站,網站靠用戶群的持續購買行為或對購買行為施加持續影響產生流量,網站流量最小但商業價值最高,以阿里巴巴為典型代表,網站靠在線營銷和代理交易獲取收入。
從網站所實際獲得的交易規模來看,第二、第三類型網站交易規模遠比第一類網站大得多。其中的影響因素由不同類型網站用戶附加值的差異所決定。這與傳統的網站流量大,價值一定高的觀點相悖。顯而易見,與門戶類網站相比,產生持續購買行為的電子商務網站用戶,不僅能夠為網站交易做出有價值的貢獻,(對廣告主)還具有更高的商業營銷價值。
經典4Ps 4Ps(產品、價格、渠道、促銷)營銷策略自20世紀50年代末由JeromeMcCarthy提出以來,對市場營銷理論和實踐產生了深刻的影響,被營銷經理們奉為營銷理論中的經典。而且,如何在4Ps理論指導下實現營銷組合,實際上也是公司市場營銷的基本運營方法。
4P指代的是Proct(產品)、Price(價格)、Place(地點,即分銷,或曰渠道)和Promotion(促銷)四個英文單詞。這一理論認為,如果一個營銷組合中包括合適的產品,合適的價格,合適的分銷策略,和合適的促銷策略,那麼這將是一個成功的營銷組合,企業的營銷目標也可以藉以實現。

5M,就是制定廣告方案所需決定的五項主要決定:
任務(mission):廣告的目標是什麼?
資金(money):要花多少錢?
信息(message):要傳送什麼信息?
媒體(media):使用什麼媒體?
衡量(measurement):如何評價結果?

5M管理是生產現場管理非常有效的管理方法之一,是生產現場管理者必須熟練掌握和應用的技法之一。5M分別代表MANPOWER(人力)、MACHINE(機器)、MATERIAL(材料)、METHOD(方法)、MANAGEMENT(管理)。簡稱為「人機料法管」(多數企業還叫作「人機料法環」,環境代替了最後一個M的「管理」)。筆者經過多年的營銷實踐,把生產現場的5M管理成功地嫁接到營銷終端活動的管理上,同樣開花結果,屢試不爽。
對於成功策劃、組織、實施終端活動的5M管理是什麼呢?這5個M只是稍有變化,分別是MANPOWER(人力)、MACHANDISE(商品)、MATERIAL(物料)、METHOD(方法)、MANAGEMENT(管理)。其中的兩個M發生了變化,機器變成了商品,材料變成了物料。5M管理,從某種程度上講,是確保一個終端活動,特別是現在使用頻繁、大行其道的終端促銷活動成功的不二法門。

第一個M是MANPWOER,就是人力資源。簡單講,一個終端活動的實施肯定離不開人手。人力包括人員的多少、人員的具體分工、人員的培訓、人員的激勵等內容。越是大型的終端活動,人員越多,組織難度越大。需要提前策劃和調配好相關的人力。

第二個M是MACHANDISE,商品或產品。商品永遠是活動的主角,需要精心梳洗打扮的。活動期間的商品管理主要包括商品組合、商品陳列、商品價格三項主要內容。商品組合是指要確定參加活動期間的商品品種和數量、重點推介商品、上量商品、利潤商品、形象商品等。對這些商品進行有效地組合,才能達成活動效果。商品陳列是指活動期間商品如何擺放、如何展示、如何布置,才能達到突出商品的賣點、形象等,以吸引消費者的眼球。商品價格是指活動期間對商品價格的調整,如統一的折扣、個別優惠、特價等。

第三個M是MATERIAL,是活動物料。活動物料可分為三大類:一是活動宣傳物料、活動現場物料、活動贈品物料。宣傳物料主要達到宣傳活動信息和活動造勢使用的,常用的如海報、單頁、DM單張、夾報、戶外廣告、宣傳車輛等。活動現場物料是滿足活動現場需求的,在活動的不同區域:產品區、舞台區、洽談區、收銀區等擺放和布置不同的物料。活動贈品物料是每次活動必不可少的一項,根據活動性質、活動規模等,靈活多樣地采購各種促進銷售成功的贈品。

前三個M都是硬體,後兩個M都是軟體了。

第四個M是METHOD,方法。一個活動要成功,必須要有成功的方法。最重的的方法是掌握好活動成功的「三點式」。第一點是焦點。現在是注意力經濟的時代,有眼球才有人氣,有人氣,才有銷量。活動成功的第一點就是要讓這個活動成為目標受眾的焦點,否則活動很難成功。第二點是賣點或利益點。把人氣聚集過來了,如何展示,如何打動目標顧客,如何讓顧客有購買的沖動。第三點是售點。就是最後的「臨門一腳」,如何打消顧客的疑慮,如何讓顧客現場掏錢,這里邊可是有大學問,在這筆者不多講。

第五個M是MANAGEMENT,管理。活動的管理主要包括活動目標管理、預算管理、流程管理、人員管理等主要內容。目標管理是對活動目標的設定、分解、管控。預算管理主要是對活動產生費用的合理預算和把控。流程管理主要是對活動整個流程的梳理、分解和現場的有效把控。人員管理包括對人員的招聘、培訓、激勵等內容。

5M管理的一硬(前三個M)和一軟(後兩個M)是保證一個現場活動成功的必要五要素。對一個終端活動,5M管理不是萬能的,但沒有5M管理是萬萬不能的。掌握和使用5M不能保證活動個個成功,但沒有5M管理的終端活動是絕對不會成功的。

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