英文市場營銷A考試

① 求一篇英文的市場營銷作業！

Along with society's development, the profession competition is day by day intense, how enhances the working efficiency, reces the management cost, the enhancement service level and enterprise's competitive ability, is each enterprise superintendent most matter of concern. More and more many superintendents thought the implementation computer scientific style management solves this question key.

The thing flows the transportation enterprise as a result of the profession characteristic, the tradition operating process complex, document many, the competition is day by day intense. The more and more many information question emerges, for example: On the one hand, must develop the customer market unceasingly, to the customer basic document, the cargo distribution situation, the contact person likes and the contact method has a more comprehensive understanding, on the other hand, must finish financial the receipts and disbursements work, guarantees the transport expense to be able on time receipts and disbursements, the debt to be clear, prompt press for payment. Formerly consulted the thick document material the procere, obviously was cannot be taken. Must adopt more effective solution. At the same time collects the process information the speed, the information accuracy, the security, but also affects the company whole management level and the decision-making strata to the overall service control and the coordination. Uses the computer software management information is solution above question effective means.

The thing class manages the software, is flows the transportation enterprise service flow according to the thing, according to relates the enterprise service various class numbers, composes an organic system, causes aspect the and so on service, finance, market information to be able to be convenient, to transmit quickly, and proces each kind of report form after synthesis processing to deliver for each function department and the decision-making strata. The appliance flows the management software system not only to be possible to save the massive manpower, reces in the work the fault, may be rapid to the customer inquiry inquires the information answer customer from the computer, moreover may help the policy-maker promptly to adjust the company to manage the strategy, enhances company's in same profession well-knownness, the enhancement company's competitive power.
In the past flowed the management emphatically in the enterprise interior work and organization's conformity, to the downriver customer's correspondence, was take serves and the quality as the main center of gravity. Therefore, the appraisal flows the management achievement and the effect criterion, is mostly by processes the order form period the speed, supplying goods rate and completes the quality to measure.

Along with the thing flowing instry development, increased the new content in the supply chain management pattern, thing flowing instry had the new ten major tendencies.

(1) thing flows the management from thing processing, promotes to in the thing Canadian value plan design, the solution and the management. May provides for the customer 度身訂造 -like, and has the personalization the service, the enterprise graally changes emphasized the cross enterprise boundary the conformity, causes the maintenance and the management which the customer relates changes more and more importantly.

(2) changes the union by the opposition. In the traditional commercial channel, the enterprise mostly take as the center, pursues the self- benefit, therefore often makes the aspect which the enterprise opposes. However in under the pursue bigger competitive power actuation, many enterprises starts in each commercial circulation function the conformity, through the union plan and the work, forms highly the conformity supply chain channel relations, causes the channel overall result and the effect large promotion.

(3) changes the final survey by the forecast. The traditional circulation pattern carries on each thing through the forecast downriver channel resources to flow the work activity, unfortunately forecasts very little can accurate, thus has wasted many natures and the commercial resources. The emerging thing flows the management tendency is emphasized the channel member's union mechanism, between the member is willing to exchange transport business and the strategy information upstream, in particular internal demand and the proction material, causes the enterprise not to need to forecast, the circulation pattern changes the final survey foundation development graally by the forecast foundation.

(4) accumulates by the experience changes the vicissitude strategy. The empirical curve has since always been the enterprise uses for to analyze the market competition tendency and the development correspondence strategy method, and the experience which accumulates by the enterprise elders takes the main competition weapon, however the science and technology flies suddenly the progress, the enterprise defends stubbornly already has the experience instead to become the barrier which the enterprise develops, therefore in under the dispatch change environment, the experience and the extant channel foundation structure instead becomes the barrier which most difficult to overcome, the success enterprise must establish to the strategy direction sense of smell and continues the vicissitude management system to be able to survive.

(5) changes the relative value by the absolute value. The traditional finance appraisal will look only some absolute values, the new appraisal method emphatically in the relative value creation, that is will provide adds the value service in the channel, in the value which the customer will increase the enterprise may account for how many proportions.

(6) changes the procere conformity by the function conformity. In the competition channel intense environment, the enterprise must day by day in a quicker response, the downriver customer's need, thus must effective conformity various departments' transport business, and acts by the procere -like operating system, the thing flows the work and the activity has the cross function mostly, cross enterprise's characteristic, therefore the procere type conformity is the thing class manages the successful key point.

(7) changes the hypothesized conformity by the vertical conformity. In the traditional channel, some big enterprises carry on the channel the vertical conformity, to through grasps by the time has a bigger strength, the fact proved this is not successful, instead dispersed enterprise's resources, and weakens the principal work. Today the enterprise manages the tendency is dedicated nucleus □0 □$.  The service, makes the non- core business request for the specialized management company, forms the hypothesized enterprise conformity system, causes the main body enterprise to provide a better proct and the service.

(8) changes the information share by the information retention. Under the supply chain management structure, supplies in the chain to be connected the enterprise to have to supply the information which the chain conformity needs to share with other enterprises, otherwise, is unable to form the effective supply chain system.

(9) changes the knowledge study by the training. In future which may foresee, any thing flows the procere to complete by the manpower. However, the thing flows the work to need to flow the foothold and in mostly the transportation network in each thing carries on, probably some 90% time, the thing flows the manager to be unable to perform to monitor personally. Globalization development tendency, also increased the thing to flow the human resources management the order of complexity. The thing flows the manager to have by the indivial personnel skill training way, changes the knowledge foundation the study development.

(10) changes the value management by management accounting. Future many enterprises will be willing to invest many resources establishments basic accountant the system, in will provide the increment creation emphatically, the cross enterprise's management information, by the time will be able the true approval creation value work, but must only will lie in the income to increase, in cost fluctuation.

② 市場營銷怎麼翻譯成英語

市場營銷的英文翻譯是marketing management，作為名詞或課程使用，具體分析如下：

marketing management

英 [ˈmɑ:kɪtɪŋ ˈmænidʒmənt] 美 [ˈmɑrkɪtɪŋ ˈmænɪdʒmənt]

銷售管理;市場營銷

相關短語：

1、Marketing OPerations Management市場運作與管理

2、Wine Marketing &Management紅酒市場營銷及管理

3、MSc Marketing and Management市場與管理

4、Services Marketing & Management服務營銷與管理

(2)英文市場營銷A考試擴展閱讀

相關例句：

1、MarketingManagement,FinanceManagement,OperationManagement, EngineeringEconomy,RiskManagement.

市場營銷，財務管理，運營管理，工程經濟，風險管理。

2、.

營銷管理流程制度健全程度。

3、 .

基於中間件技術構建電力營銷管理系統的應用研究。

4、,consumptioncongestionhas drawn .

消費集成作為一種新的營銷管理模式，引起了商家越來越多的關注。

5、.

供電系統電力營銷的數字化管理模式研究。

6、 Workflow.

基於工作流的電力營銷管理信息系統的研究。

③ 嘉興學院國際市場營銷(英)考試是英文試卷嗎

平時多和別人談古論今。和同學談，和家裡人談，和鄰居談，和親戚談，和夥伴談專，和屬陌生人談，和老師談。把你知道的東西說給別人聽，也從別人那裡聽別人說的東西。多和別人談論，你會首先發現你的表達能力提高了，你能講出你腦子里所想的東西。多和別人談論，你還會發現你的知識面加寬了，你從別人那裡「交流」到很多知識。多和別人談論，你還會發現……

④ marketing 市場營銷論文 要英文版的

With the development of IT technology, business to the increasingly rapid pace of change to the network, and now we have entered the information age, speed has become our constant pursuit of direction. For each enterprise essential to marketing departments in order to advance the pace of change even more in, people began to network marketing transformation.

Some experts said that in the Internet age of today's Internet Marketing will soon replace the traditional marketing methods and become the main theme of the market. Because people can see the advantages of the network marketing, in-house, departments, and between all departments of the Internet to share information, but also shorten the time for the transmission of information. Thus greatly improving the efficiency of the computer above the company can build up a database, there are customers inside the basic information and consumer information records and is concive to the implementation of one-on-one marketing, for better customer service. At the same time also allow customers to feel he is very business-to-the mind, increase customer loyalty and sales network for the same very attractive, it may omit many brokers, such as wholesalers, distributors, retailers and even And to directly face the customer. Thus greatly rece the cost, the enterprise's procts more competitive to achieve greater sales, and more importantly is able to get the fastest rate of customer feedback to enable enterprises to adapt to market the proct more demand e to enterprises Always walk in the forefront of the market.

Some experts say that may be. Network marketing is some advantage, but his shortcomings but can not be ignored. Network can get market information faster, but the network sales increase sales but can not agree with. They believe that this network has only the most cutting-edge things. Most people have not accepted this approach. It is also not in the habit of online shopping, the things on these virtual lack of trust, they believe that the reality is quite the thing. Life, if I bought What is the problem with the quality of things you can find manufacturers directly, or find a vendor, and will soon receive a response. I do not know that the Internet can be the Whom do I contact, how to find, when a reply » Some say things simply do not fit in online sales, proction companies such as Coca-Cola drinks, I Xianghe when casually into stores or supermarkets which can be bought, it has more convenient, however, how to simplify the sales process? » Everyone knows that there is no need of. If you get the trust of customers, to the extent possible, satisfy the customer, then I think the most effective way is not to rece costs, as long as you in every corner of the world placed on Coke, so that people no matter what time any place as long as the wish to Drink will be able to see it and that is the biggest customer satisfaction, not only rece costs but forgot the more important in the market.

Network development is fast, according to the computer penetration rate is now to complete the transition to the network also needs a long time, not to mention to our Chinese enterprises. Network marketing is a great potential, but also可要not fully developed, the traditional marketing methods will still dominate, the network marketing soon replace the traditional marketing is not realistic. Perhaps the best marketing is not marketing, not traditional marketing, I think they can complement each other, Gequ director, perhaps the most promising is the best way of marketing it.

中文

隨著IT技術的發展，企業以越來越快的速度向網路化轉變，現在我們已經進入了信息時代，速度更成了我們不斷追求的方向。而對於每個企業必不可少的市場營銷部門在以更超前的速度轉變著，人們開始向網路營銷轉化。

有的專家說，在網路時代的今天網路營銷會很快的替代傳統的營銷方式而成為市場的主旋律。因為人們可以看到了網路營銷的優勢， 在企業內部 ，部門和部門之間都相互聯網有利於信息共享 ，也縮短了信息傳遞的時間。 從而大大提高了工作效率， 可以在公司電腦上面建立資料庫，里邊存有客戶的基本資料和消費信息紀錄 ，有利於實施一對一營銷，從而更好的為客戶服務。同時也能讓客戶感受到企業對他是相當的在乎， 更提高了客戶的忠誠度 ，而對於網路銷售同樣很有誘惑力，它可以省略許多中間商，象批發商 、經銷商、 甚至是零售商， 而直接面對客戶。從而大大降低了成本，企業的產品更有競爭力取得更大的銷售業績，而更主要的是能以最快的速度得到客戶的反饋信息，使企業的產品更適應市場的需求，而使企業總是走在市場的最前列。

可有的專家卻認為。網路營銷是有一些優勢，但他的缺點卻不容忽視。網路化是可以更快的得到市場信息， 但網路銷售提高銷售業績卻不堪贊同。他們認為，網路化今天卻只是最前沿的東西。大部分的人還沒有接受這種方式。人們還不太習慣在網上購物，他們對這些虛擬的東西缺乏信任，他們還是比較相信現實中存在的東西。生活中，如果我買了東西質量有什麼問題直接就可以找廠家， 或者找賣主 ，而且會很快的得到答復。可網上我不知道該找誰，怎麼找，什麼時候有答復？再說有的東西根本就不適合在網上銷售，比如可口可樂公司生產的飲品， 我想喝的時候隨便進哪個商店或者超市都能買到，這已經再方便不過了，還要怎麼簡化銷售過程嗎？誰都知道沒有必要了。你要想得到顧客的信任，想盡可能的滿足顧客，那麼我想最有效的方法不是去降低成本，只要你在世界的每個角落都擺放上可樂，讓人們不論在什麼時間什麼地點只要想喝就能夠看到它那就是對顧客最大的滿足，不要只顧著降低成本而卻忘了更重要的市場佔有率。

網路化發展的的確快，可按照現在的電腦普及率要完全的向網路化轉變還需要相當長的時間，更何況對我們中國的企業。網路營銷確實潛力很大，可要完全開發卻也不易，傳統的營銷方式還是會佔主導地位，網路營銷很快的取代傳統的營銷是不現實的。也許最好的營銷方式不是網路營銷，也不是傳統營銷，我覺得他們完全可以相互補充，各取所長，也許那才是最好最有前途的營銷方式吧。

⑤ 市場營銷中幾個英文縮寫代表什麼

1、CS：英文Customer Satisfaction的縮寫，意為「顧客滿意」。

2、4Ps，即：產品（Proct） 、價格（Price） 、促銷（Promotion）、通路與配銷 渠道和分銷（Place&Distribution）。

3、4Cs，包括：顧客（Customer）、成本（Cost）、溝通（Communication）、便利（convenience）。

4、PLC：The Proct Life Cycle 產品生命周期

5、STP：在現代市場營銷理論中，市場細分（Market Segmentation）、 目標市場（Market Targeting）、 市場定位（Market Positioning）是構成公司營銷戰略的核心三要素，被稱為STP營銷。

6、4R分別指代Relevance（關聯）、Reaction（反應）、Relationship（關系）和Reward（回報）。

(5)英文市場營銷A考試擴展閱讀：

SWOT方法分析市場，SWOT方法用來確定企業本身的競爭優勢、競爭劣勢、機會和威脅，從而將公司的戰略與公司內部資源、外部環境有機結合，主要以下四點：

1、strength（優勢）：評估自己的長處

2、weakness（劣勢）：找出自己的短處

3、opportunity（機會）：發現自己的機會

4、threats（威脅）：認識到存在的威脅

⑥ 英語翻譯關於市場營銷方面的.

看我的：
From winning disputes to the promotion of the company image, the differentiation strategy adopted by some of the enterprises will always take dramatic effect. In the market with seriously homogenized proct, it will add an incentive, highlighting the former even market situation. More importantly, by the meantime when those companies which had gained temporary or long term profits they are further affecting their peers. However, what they must attach importance to is that the differentiation was a double-blade sword, especially for the enterprises in the markets lack of variable procts. Once they have week innovative ability or implementing force, they are tended to lose their original market shares more than gain profits. Analyzing from real cases, we may find some of the enterprises bring in the strategy all but a following-suit. They are not well adoptive to the requirements of the strategy; consequently change their previous right measures.

In the face of challenges, REALFLEET should take the following actions:
1. Promoting the technological innovation, and continuing to breed core competitiveness
2. Extending the humanity functions of procts to create value for customer
3. Reinforcing cooperation and Improving proct quality
4. Highlighting distinctive image, and reinforcing brand management
5. strengthening sale network construction and providing personalized service

⑦ 市場營銷（雙語），考試是英文的，該如何復習。市場細分按顧客角度的案例分析，有哪些顧客角度

顧客需求的異質性
並不是所有顧客的需求都相同，只要存在兩個以上的顧客，需求就會不同。由於顧客需求、慾望及購買行為是多元的，所以顧客需求滿足呈現差異。企業應該分辨出它能有效為之服務的最具有吸引力的細分市場，集中企業資源，制定科學的競爭策略，以取得和增強競爭優勢。

顧客細分
它既是客戶關系管理（customer relationship management, CRM ）的重要理論組成部分，又是其重要管理工具。它是分門別類研究客戶、進行有效客戶評估、合理分配服務資源、成功實施客戶策略的基本原則之一，為企業充分獲取客戶價值提供理論和方法指導。
顧客細分理論原理是：每類產品的顧客群不是一個群體，根據顧客群的文化觀念，消費收入、消費習俗、生活方式的不同細分新的類別，企業根據消費者的不同制定品牌推廣戰略和營銷策略，將資源針對目標顧客集中使用。
客戶細分包括：

1.根據人口特徵和購買歷史細分 如果企業要最大化地實現可持續發展和長期利潤，就要明智地只關注正確的顧客群體，因為企業要獲得每一位顧客，先前都要付出一定的投入，這種投入只有在你能贏得顧客的忠誠後才能得到補償。因此，要通過價值營銷以獲得品牌忠誠重要的一步就是對客戶進行細分，找尋到哪些顧客是能為企業帶來贏利的，哪些顧客不能，並鎖定那些高價值顧客。只有這樣企業才能保證他在培育顧客忠誠的過程中所投入的資源得到回報，企業的長期利潤和持續發展才能得到保證。2.根據顧客對企業的價值細分

顧客細分
我們有必要根據顧客對企業的價值來細分顧客。衡量顧客對企業的價值可以有很多方法，計算顧客的終身價值是一個切實可行的方法。所謂顧客終身價值是指顧客作為企業顧客的周期內為企業的利潤的貢獻的折現總和。影響顧客終身價值的最重要的兩個因素是計算周期和貼現率。一般而言，在貼現率不變的情況下，顧客成為企業顧客的周期越長，那麼納入計算的顧客價值就越多，顧客的終身價值就越大；計算周期一定的情況下，貼現率越高，未來的收益就越不值錢，則顧客終身價值就越小。 顧客終身價值的計算比較復雜，需要獲得以下信息： ①顧客作為某品牌的顧客的時間周期 ②企業的貼現率 ③每個時間周期內顧客購買某種品牌的頻數 ④顧客購買該品牌產品的平均貢獻 ⑤顧客購買該品牌的概率 ⑥其他一些信息 隨著資料庫技術的發展，尤其是數據挖掘和數據倉儲技術的發展，使得顧客價值評估成為可能。相比較而言，金融服務部門、電信服務部門根據顧客價值進行市場細分的可能性就大一些。編輯本段細分有哪些方式

顧客細分
一般來說，細分可以根據三個方面的考慮來進行. 1.外在屬性 如客戶的地域分布，客戶的產品擁有，客戶的組織歸屬——企業用戶、個人用戶、政府用戶等。通常，這種分層最簡單、直觀，數據也很容易得到。但這種分類比較粗放，我們依然不知道在每一個客戶層面，誰是「好」客戶，誰是「差」客戶。我們能知道的只是某一類客戶(如大企業客戶) 較之另一類客戶(如政府客戶) 可能消費能力更強。 2.內在屬性 內在屬性行為客戶的內在因素所決定的屬性，比如性別、年齡、信仰、愛好、收入、家庭成員數、信用度、性格、價值取向等。 3.消費行為分類 在不少行業對消費行為的分析主要從三個方面考慮，即所謂RFM：最近消費、消費頻率與消費額.這些指標都需要在賬務系統中得到。但並不是每個行業都能適用。在通信行業，比如說，對客戶分類主要依據這樣一些變數：話費量、使用行為特徵、付款記錄,信用記錄、維護行為、注冊行為等。 按照消費行為來分類通常只能適用於現有客戶，對於潛在客戶，由於消費行為還沒有開始，當然分層無從談起。即使對於現有客戶，消費行為分類也只能滿足企業客戶分層的特定目的。如獎勵貢獻多的客戶。至於找出客戶中的特點為市場營銷活動找到確定對策，則要做更多的數據分析工作。編輯本段顧客細分後的分類
企業根據潛在的忠誠顧客和顧客的終身價值可把顧客分為4類： 白金顧客（「頂尖」客戶），即與本企業目前有業務往來的前1％的顧客； 黃金顧客（「大」客戶），即與本企業目前有業務往來的隨後4％的顧客； 鐵顧客（「中等」客戶），即與本企業有業務往來的再隨後15％的顧客； 鉛顧客（「小」客戶），即所剩下來的80％的顧客。編輯本段7個客戶細分訣竅
1、每個客戶只能歸入一個類別。否則，客戶可能因此陷入多種相互矛盾的產品信息而無所適從。 2、不要有渠道差異。客戶從不同渠道獲得的產品信息都應該是相同的。每個直接接觸客戶的員工都能夠隨時知道產品推薦信息並傳遞給客戶。 3、提供直接接觸客戶的員工有針對性的、可執行的對策。不要把仍需解釋的信息提供給他們。應准確地告訴他們對客戶來說哪種產品是最適合的。 4、在客戶細分之初，應給銷售人員提供最佳名單，確保高成功率。不斷抓住機會擴大消費者名單，並給出每個消費者的「購買可能性」評分，以幫助銷售人員了解客戶可能接受的程度。 5、每一細分類別由一位高級經理負責盈虧平衡。這樣做的目的是確保細分戰略的最大收益。 6、由高級管理人員負責推動客戶細分。若公司僅僅在一個產品線推行細分，公司就有可能忽略部分客戶的感受;若由總公司而不是某一部門負責，客戶細分就有可能不太受預算的制約。 7、自小處著手，再不斷擴大。開始把客戶粗略地分成幾個大類，然後再逐漸進行更細致、更准確地劃分。但是不要等到一切都盡善盡美了再去做，要先邁出第一步編輯本段顧客細分案例分析—全聚德的顧客細分

顧各細分
北京前門全聚德烤鴨店是北京全聚德烤鴨集團的起源店（老店），創建於1864年，以經營傳統掛爐烤鴨蜚聲海內外，是京城著名的老字型大小。1993 年，全聚德成立股份公司，前門店進入股份公司，當年的營業收入是4500萬元，至2001年12月16日，前門店的年營業收入已達到9000萬元，企業用了8年時間在硬體沒有什麼大的改變的條件下，營業收入翻了一番。對於一些新興產業來說，這個進步可能並不算什麼，但對於一個受諸多限制的國有體制餐飲企業來說，卻是一個很大的飛躍。前門店總經理沈放說，餐飲行業是勞動密集型行業，每一分錢的利潤都是廚師一刀一刀切出來、服務員一句句話講出來的，非常不容易。8年來，前門全聚德店靠專業技術、科學管理、菜品創新和誠信營銷在2600平方米的餐廳內創造了接近頂峰的輝煌： 全店900個餐位，平均每個餐位實現年銷售收入10萬元；全店400名員工，平均每個員工實現年銷售收入22．5萬元?在整個餐飲業處於領先地位；曾創造過餐飲單店日銷售67．7萬元的全國最高紀錄。其經營策略是——攻擊型服務。
顧客細分
所謂「攻擊型服務」，就是要求服務員針對不同類型的就餐顧客，提供不同的服務對策。北京前門全聚德烤鴨店按照人的四種不同氣質類型，總結了以下具體服務對策： 1．多血質－活潑型：這一類型的顧客一般表現為活潑好動，反應迅速，善於交際但興趣易變，具有外傾性。他們常常主動與餐廳服務人員攀談，並很快與之熟悉並交上朋友，但這種友誼常常多變而不牢固；他們在點菜時往往過於匆忙，過後可能改變主意而退菜；他們喜歡嘗新、嘗鮮，但又很快厭倦；他們的想像力和聯想力豐富，受菜名、菜餚的造型、器皿及就餐環境影響較大，但有時注意力不夠集中，表情外露。 服務對策：服務員在可能的情況下，要主動同這一類型的消費者交談，但不應有過多重復，否則他們會不耐煩。要多向他們提供新菜信息，但要讓他們進行主動選擇，遇到他們要求退菜情況，應盡量滿足他們的要求。 2．粘液質－安靜型：這一類型的顧客一般表現為安靜、穩定、剋制力強、很少發脾氣、沉默寡言；他們不夠靈活，不善於轉移注意力，喜歡清靜、熟悉的就餐環境，不易受服務員現場促銷的影響，對各類菜餚喜歡細心比較，緩慢決定。 服務對策：領位服務時，應盡量安排他們坐在較為僻靜的地方，點菜服務時，盡量向他們提供一些熟悉的菜餚，還要順其心願，不要過早表述服務員自己的建議，給他們足夠時間進行選擇，不要過多催促，不要同他們進行太多交談或表現出過多的熱情，要把握好服務的「度」。 3．膽汁質－興奮型：這一類型的顧客一般表現為熱情、開朗、直率、精力旺盛、容易沖動、性情急躁，具有很強的外傾性；他們點菜迅速，很少過多考慮，容易接受服務員的意見，喜歡品嘗新菜；比較粗心，容易遺失所帶物品。 服務對策：點菜服務時，盡量推薦新菜，要主動進行現場促銷，但不要與他們爭執，萬一出現矛盾應避其鋒芒；在上菜、結賬時盡量迅速，就餐後提醒他們不要遺忘所帶物品。 4．抑鬱制－敏感型：這一類型的顧客一般沉默寡言，不善交際，對新環境、新事物難於適應；缺乏活力，情緒不夠穩定；遇事敏感多疑，言行謹小慎微，內心復雜，較少外露。 服務對策：領位時盡量安排僻靜處，如果臨時需調整座位，一定要講清原因，以免引起他們的猜測和不滿。服務時應注意尊重他們，服務語言要清楚明了，與他們談話要恰到好處。在他們需要服務時，要熱情相待。 [提示] 全聚德烤鴨的成功秘訣之一 ：細分就餐顧客 餐飲行業提供產品的過程和載體區別於其他產品銷售的最大特點，是餐廳產品具有很強的時效性。要求產品在短時間內，最大化滿足顧客需求並達到利潤最大化。需要強調的是，目前的顧客需求的餐廳產品已並不單指產品本身，而是從進入餐廳大門開始到用餐完畢的整個過程：顧客看到的餐廳設施、聞到的氣味、品嘗到的菜品、體會到的服務，以及對餐廳整體印象的心理感知等等，都屬於產品范疇。餐廳產品在這些方面是否能夠被顧客接受，是餐廳產品能否成功銷售的關鍵。全聚德前門店是一家百年老店，核心產品是掛爐烤鴨，由於核心產品的知名度極高，導致競爭對手增加，如今，北京銷售烤鴨的餐廳數不勝數，並且價格很低，使老店核心產品的競爭力降低。在這種情況下，老店在堅持核心產品「古老」、「正宗」，「原汁原味」的前提下，從改造產品的其他方面入手，提高了自己的核心競爭力。總經理沈放在餐廳面積不變的情況下，在硬體設施改造上承襲傳統文化，將老店變成了人們心目中的「正宗全聚德老店」；在服務上，創造出「攻擊型服務」，以細分就餐顧客為切入點，以市場為檢驗標准，創造出許多受顧客歡迎的創新菜。

⑧ 市場營銷的英文

您好！外文名稱：Marketing
又稱為：市場學、市場行銷或行銷學
簡稱：營銷