㈠ 跪求一份全英文的畢業論文《市場營銷的作用》
Discusses the character and scholarship studies the rule discipline which the commodity and the value as well as the exchange value, how the use value and do realize. In other words, discusses the character and scholarship is launches the marketing research based on the commodity itself for the center one kind of knowledge. the market marketing study is just the opposite, the market marketing study is the establishment in by the market demand one kind of knowledge which develops for the center. If the market marketing study needs the smooth development, must complete three aspects the work: does first, what output need to be clear about own company or own organization can provide. This delivers including the proct, also includes the service; second, needs to be clear about the proct which or the service in the market needs us to be possible to provide. If need, then in any region the need, needs how many; third, needs to be clear, if we must supply the aiming a target market, then our supplies way to be whether convenient, if is not convenient, whether to establish belongs to an own way, this way needs how many costs, and so on; Therefore, by the marketing study research's content as well as the research three aspects may look that discusses the character and scholarship to be possible to the commodity nature, the commodity use, as well as the commodity will proce in the future possibly the development value and the brand effect will have some appraisal nature information, but these information will be helpful to business understand their proct, thus more detailed clear proct or service before has not put into the market prospect how. In short, discusses the character and scholarship and the marketing study is the relations which one kind complements one another, has not discussed the character and scholarship regarding the standard situation understanding, easy to see many demands, but did not know that can satisfy him; If the commodity study left the marketing study, will discuss the character and scholarship will become very incapable, knew that oneself can do anything, but because did not know that in the market will need anything, will therefore become starts without knowing where to begin. Single opinion, if has offends, asks respectfully to forgive!
㈡ 市場營銷的論文（英文）
We have no and naked, no natural born poor. Life is up to grab is accepted, the old man, all is the guide, the heart of choice. Someone to heal old daughter, dissolved, To support the old people, not hesitate heavy gold. Someone believes in "good filial first", Someone ran XiaoYi ShengSiGuan "a". Some old people choose to choose, Shan refused. Beauty and ugliness, good and evil, all in a deathless, science, or, in the twinkling. Show filial obedience so much, just want to tell you, choose filial piety, don't let cloud cover, and let bilge blind eyes, for old people, for himself, and holding a pure, filial piety. Filial piety and sentenced to between inverse for pushing, pion, choose die, LiKui split between mother tiger newspaper alone, choose DE zhao later, Father: for the incense is warm, age WangWenYi body feed mosquitoes. Father can help you a lot. Make a valuable, the real life social conscience of conscience, people will donative you return. A man in the storm, will survive their lives to save the old man, A journey in the desert will resolutely solution under a pot of water to his last old man. But the old man ride in some apparent pride; and under, Someone from a degenerate into key son, That old man to save someone variable labor, Someone is playing time points, old man, scold, short pleasure, long lament. Standing in the crossroads in my life, don't go the wrong way! Land and buildings, money, don't take it with, want so much why? End, but nothing, even old man, even life, even if again, even turn, whereby the sympathy and earned a few tears? No one to help you. If you are the eagle, choose to respect, If you are ShaOu, knew support, If you are a sparrow, will consciously serve elder, If you are a person, he should know filial respect parent, old man. If you are a reluctant to lose your personality, a mediocre, will not corrode your, do a pure matchless you, holding on as snow filial piety, clean and beautiful, despite all filthiness and all society, selfish, filial piety to man. If the father, the world will become more beautiful tradition. You will find himself very beautiful, the old man is beauty. You will know, father is satisfied, pay is happy. Choose filial old man! Action is the proof!
㈢ 求一篇有關市場營銷英文的論文5000字
First, services marketing. Modern economic development is characterized by a significant service instry booming national economy, the status of its growing importance of services marketing highlights the growing importance of China has joined WTO, foreign companies have to seize the Chinese, and foreign services, marketing war will appear white-hot trend. Economic life of service can be divided into two categories. One is service procts, proct creation and delivery for customers mainly from the core interests of intangible services. The other is the function of services, procts, mainly from the formation of the core interests of the ingredients, invisible only to meet customer service needs of non-major. Berry think that the source of the proct's core interests, the tangible and intangible elements of composition to be more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "commodity" (tangible procts); if intangible components of tangible elements to more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "service." And services consistent with this distinction, service marketing research formed the two major areas, namely services, procts, marketing and customer service marketing. Service is the essence of proct marketing, how to promote the exchange of proct services; customer service is of the essence of marketing, how to use the services as a marketing tool to promote the exchange of tangible procts. However, both services proct marketing, or customer service, marketing, service marketing is the core concept of customer satisfaction and loyalty, and by obtaining customer satisfaction and loyalty to the promotion of mutually beneficial exchange, and ultimately sales performance improvement and long-term business growth. Second, network marketing. Use of the Internet is a communication line, into the international network of global computer information delivery system will be the next most important channel for marketing. Internet Marketing features include; can provide anytime, anywhere 24 hours of global marketing services; computer can store large amounts of information, on behalf of consumer inquiries, the amount of information transmitted and accuracy, far more than other media; to meet market demands in a timely manner Update proct or price adjustments; rece printing and mailing costs; and no store rent, saving water and labor costs; can avoid the interference of a salesman selling strong; can talk through the provision of information and interaction with consumers long-term good relations. Internet is the most powerful marketing tool, it also combines Qu, marketing, electronic transactions, interactive customer service and market information analysis and delivery of a variety of functions. It features sound and light interactive communication, as of time, the media, who have been attracted to the eyes of the younger generation. In addition, it has a one to one marketing capabilities, it is consistent with [Focus marketing] and [direct marketing] future trend. Internet marketing can be considered as an emerging marketing channels, it is not necessarily to replace the traditional channels, but through the development of information technology to innovation and re-marketing channels. But it is undeniable that online marketing is bound to impact traditional marketing, so the business community must pay attention to this trend, and with the software instry for close contact and cooperation. Advertising instry as an example, in the latest media age, sales are consistent from start to finish operation, that is attracting attention from the triggered interest, resulting in purchases, procurement, these cities become, and advertising companies will participate in the marketing of the whole. Commercial enterprises also need to change the traditional organizational forms, to enhance the functions of the new media sector, the introction of both quality and marketing personnel in computer technology, the future can have the market's competitive advantage. Third, green marketing. The so-called "green marketing" refers to the social and enterprises are fully aware of the increasing environmental awareness of consumers and the resulting need for clean-based pollution-free procts based on the discovery, creation and select market opportunities, through a series of rational means of marketing to meet consumer and community development needs of the ecological environment and realize sustainable development process. Green Marketing is the core ecological principles in accordance with environmental protection and to select and determine the marketing mix strategy is based on green technology, green markets and green based on economic, ecological concerns for the human response to a mode of operation. Some developed countries the demand for green procts is very extensive, but developing countries as capital and consumer orientation, quality and consumer reasons, it can not really achieve the greening of all consumer demand. Taiwan for instance, currently only some food, home appliances, communication procts, part-green; while developed countries have adopted a variety of ways and means, including legislation, etc., Lai Tuixing and the achievement of all procts Di green consumption. Thus having a very broad basis of market demand for green marketing activities have laid a solid foundation. To green, for example, the United Kingdom, Germany, the demand for green food can not self-sufficient, the United Kingdom every year, the import of 80% of the total food consumption in Germany is as high as 98%. This indicates that the market potential for green procts is very large, very wide market demand. Green marketing is the twenty-first century consumer demand resulting from a novel marketing idea, that is, green marketing, marketing is also not out of the original theory. Therefore, the development of green marketing model and program selection and integration of related resources can not can not be severed from the original basis of marketing theory can be said that green marketing is the pursuit of health, safety, environmental protection, developed under the ideology of the new ways and means of marketing. Establish a modern enterprise is only a new marketing philosophy of sustainable development, make efforts to green marketing, the development of green procts for green proction, and sustainable development to adapt to the trend. At the same time, enterprises can further "consumer oriented", to promote sustainable consumption patterns of the full development and realization of their obligation to promote social development and ecological development of the responsibilities and obligations, so that their economic, social and environmental benefits .
㈣ 求一篇市場營銷相關英文論文。3000字。
外文文獻抄有，翻譯沒有，翻譯襲得靠你自己了，如果需要直接網路Hi中留言同時貼出問題的鏈接地址和郵箱地址即可，希望能滿足你的需要，能幫到你，並請及時知道評價，多多給點懸賞分吧，急用的話請多選賞點分吧，這樣更多的知友才會及時幫到你，我找到也是很花時間的，並請及時採納
㈤ 哪有國際品牌市場競爭文章 ,英文版,2萬字左右,最好有中文翻譯
國際市場營銷中國自主品牌品牌競爭WTO
渠道策略知識產權保護 摘要:隨著經濟全球化時代的到來，當今的國際市場競爭已從價格競爭、質量競爭走向品牌競爭，對於國際市場營銷企業來說，擁有市場比擁有工廠重要的多，而擁有市場的關鍵途徑就是擁有佔主導地位的自主品牌伴隨著我國對外開放進程的不斷加深，尤其是在加入WTO以後，國內企業在國內、國外兩個市場上與國外企業的市場競爭日趨激烈國內企業逐漸意識到，是否擁有自主品牌尤其是國際知名自主品牌，不僅是衡量一國經濟發展水平和綜合國力的重要指標，更是中國企業參與國際市場營銷競爭能否取得競爭優勢的關鍵因素 然而，由於各種原因，目前中國企業在國際市場營銷中，對自主品牌培育的重視程度及推廣力度上還存在諸多薄弱環節因此，分析、研究中國企業自主品牌如何走向國際市場、並站穩國際市場的問題，就具有重要的理論意義和實踐意義本文即在總結回顧、分析研究國內外關於品牌營銷的理論、成功實踐經驗的基礎上，採用理論分析、實踐驗證等方法，分析探討我國企業在國際市場營銷中如何發展、壯大自主品牌的戰略和策略問題 本文分析研究發現，改革開放30年來，中國企業已經創出了一些國內外較知名的自主品牌，國際市場佔有份額也穩步上升但是與歐、美、日等發達國家相比，還存在明顯的差距，與中國作為世界經濟大國的身份不相適應，這表現為中國企業自主品牌與世界知名品牌的品牌價值差距和國際市場佔有率差距大、中國企業自主品牌的創新能力和出口競爭能力較弱、中國企業運用自主品牌開拓國際市場的意識不強、中國自主品牌在國際市場營銷過程中存在著文化融合問題、中國企業缺乏自主品牌的戰略性規劃、自主品牌定位模糊以及缺乏以核心價值為中心的品牌識別等問題 基於中國企業自主品牌在國際市場營銷中存在的問題及其成因，本研究提出了中國企業利用自主品牌開拓國際市場的應對策略，包括中國企業自主品牌的命名、標識設計和定位策略中國企業自主品牌的產品策略、定價策略中國企業自主品牌的國際營銷渠道策略和自豐品牌的國際市場促銷策略等同時，為了使得這些對策能夠順利實施，本研究還提出了相關保障措施，包括重塑中國企業自主品牌的國際營銷觀念、強化知識產權保護體系締造品牌成長空間、重視自主品牌的資產管理、注重企業人才的積累和構建保護創新的文化氛圍等等，從而為提升企業的國際市場競爭優勢奠定基礎，推動我國從世界製造大國向創造大國轉變
㈥ 市場營銷 英文版論文 20000英文字元
市場營銷 Marketing
市場營銷（Marketing）又稱為 市場學、市場行銷或行銷學。簡稱「營銷」，台灣常稱作「行銷」，是指個人或集體通過交易其創造的產品或價值以獲得所需之物實現雙贏或多贏的過程。
權威定義
美國市場營銷協會下的定義是：
行銷是創造、溝通與傳送價值給顧客，及經營顧客關系以便讓組織與其利益關系人受益的一種組織功能與程序
菲利普·科特勒下的定義強調了營銷的價值導向：
市場營銷是個人和集體通過創造，提供出售，並同別人交換和價值，以獲得其所需所欲之物的一種社會和管理過程。
而格隆羅斯給的定義強調了營銷的目的：
營銷是在一種利益之上下，通過相互交換和承諾，建立、維持、鞏固與消費者及其他參與者的關系，實現各方的目的)。
[編輯] 新式定義
台灣的江亘松在＜你的行銷行不行＞中強調行銷的變動性，利用行銷的英文 Marketing 作了下面的定義
「什麼是行銷？」就字面上來說，「行銷」的英文是「Marketing」，若把 Marketing 這個字拆成 Market（市場）與 ing（英文的現在進行式表示方法）這兩個部分，那行銷可以用「市場的現在進行式」來表達產品、價格、促銷、通路的變動性導致供需雙方的微妙關系。
＜你的行銷行不行＞ISBN: 978-986-82609-5-5，理財文化, 2007.08 出版
[編輯] 市場營銷理論發展的四個階段
初創階段(1900年—1920年)
功能研究階段(1921年—1945年)
現代市場營銷學形成和發展階段(1945年—1980年)
營銷擴展階段(1980年以後)
[編輯] 市場與需求
市場營銷學中的市場可以等同於需求，即研究消費者的現實需求和潛在需求。
美國市場營銷協會(AMA)的定義委員會1960年對市場提出以下的定義：
「 市場是指一種貨物或勞務的潛在購買者的集合需求。 」
菲利普·科特勒把市場定義為
「 市場是指某種產品的所有實際的和潛在的購買者的集合。 」
[編輯] 市場的類型
市場從不同角度，可以劃分為不同的類型。其中按商品的基本屬性可劃分為一般商品市場和特殊商品市場。一般商品市場指狹義的商品市場，即貨物市場，包括消費品市場和工業品市場；特殊商品市場指為滿足消費者的資金需要和服務需要而形成的市場，包括資本市場，勞動力市場和技術信息市場。對以上兩種市場作分析時一般要研究消費者市場，產業市場和政府市場。
市場營銷環境分析常用的方法為SWOT分析方法，它是英文Strength(優勢)、Weakness(劣勢)、Opportunity(機會)、Threaten(威脅)的意思。從內部環境分析優劣勢，從外部環境分析機會與威脅。
[編輯] 市場營銷策略
營銷組合的四個因素常稱作4P，即：
產品（Proct)
價格 (Price)
推廣 (Promotion)
通路與配銷 (Place&Distribution)
這四個因素應用到營銷過程中，就形成了四方面的營銷策略。加上政治POLITICS和公共關系PUBLIC，是為6P。
1981年布姆斯（Booms）和比特納（Bitner）建議在傳統市場營銷理論4Ps的基礎上增加三個「服務性的P」，即：人員(People)、流程(Process)、環境(或是或實體環境；Physical evidence)。
根據與市場競爭對手對抗的需要而制定富有競爭力的產品、價格、渠道和促銷政策。這一時期誕生了著名的4P理論。當時還是大眾媒體盛行的時代，依靠大眾媒體促進銷售，無差異化策略成為這一階段的明顯特徵。
[編輯] 產品
產品策略主要研究新產品開發，產品生命周期，品牌策略等，是價格策略，促銷策略和分銷策略的基礎。
[編輯] 價格
價格策略又稱定價策略，主要研究產品的定價、調價等[[市場營銷工具]
[編輯] 推廣
推廣是將組織與產品訊息傳播給目標市場的活動，它主要的焦點在於溝通。透過推廣，企業試圖讓消費者知曉、了解、喜愛或購買產品，進而影響產品的知名度、形象、銷售量，乃至於企業的生長與生存。有了推廣，消費者才可得知產品提供何種利益、價格多少、可以到什麼地方購買及如何購買等，而這些消費者反應會進一步協助推動其他行銷組合(產品、價格、通路)。
[編輯] 通路
又稱渠道策略，也稱為促銷。它代表企業（機構）在將自身產品送抵最終消費者之前，所制定的與各類分銷商之間的貿易關系、成本分攤和利益分配方式的綜合體系。這里的分銷商既包含批發商，也包含零售商，甚至包含物流配送商和直銷公司的直銷人員。
企業制定分銷政策的目的是：讓產品更順暢地到達顧客手中，既要保證分銷成本低廉，又要保證顧客對送貨期、送貨量、裝配服務、疑難咨詢等方面的要求。
在產品日益豐富的情況下，分銷政策可能變得越來越難制定，因為相對於產品和品牌的過量，分銷商則顯得稀少，因而後者擁有了大量討價還價的權力，力圖從製造商或上游企業那裡獲得更大的利益分成比例。
零售商在最近10年的表現尤其令人矚目，它們不僅從事零售，也開始插手於產品的上游生產過程，並以自己的店鋪名稱或獨創名稱作為自己所產新品的品牌——即自有品牌（private brand/label），或叫店鋪品牌（store brand/label）。這更深地威脅到了純粹的製造企業的利潤空間，當然也大大增加了後者制定分銷策略的難度。
[編輯] 人員（People)
所有的人都直接或間接地被捲入某種服務的消費過程中，這是7P營銷組合很重要的一個觀點。知識工作者、白領雇員、管理人員以及部分消費者將額外的價值增加到了既有的社會總產品或服務的供給中，這部分價值往往非常顯著。
[編輯] 流程（Process）
服務通過一定的程序、機制以及活動得以實現的過程（亦即消費者管理流程），是市場營銷戰略的一個關鍵要素。
[編輯] 環境（Physical Evidence）
包括服務供給得以順利傳送的服務環境，有形商品承載和表達服務的能力，當前消費者的無形消費體驗，以及向潛在顧客傳遞消費滿足感的能力。
[編輯] 4C
包括：
顧客（Customer）
成本（Cost）
溝通（Communication）
便利（convenience)。
加上機會Chance，市場變化Change為6C。
不銷售製造的產品，而要將滿足消費者需求的產品售出；不要依競爭者或者自我的盈利策略定價，而是要通過一系列測試手段了解消費者為滿足需求願付出的成本；不要以自身為出發點，想著網點怎麼布置，採用什麼樣的通路策略，而要關注消費者購買產品的便利性；不是想著如何通過媒體傳播來提升銷量，而要和消費者互動溝通。
[編輯] 營銷種類
[編輯] 整合營銷
整合營銷傳播（Integrated Marketing Communications ）
[編輯] 資料庫營銷（DATABASE MARKETING）
[編輯] 網路營銷（Internet Marketing）
網路營銷是企業整體營銷戰略的一個組成部分，是為實現企業總體經營目標所進行的，以互聯網為基本手段營造網上經營環境的各種活動。
網路營銷的職能包括網站推廣、網路品牌、信息發布、在線調研、顧客關系、顧客服務、銷售渠道、銷售促進八個方面。
Viral Marketing
[編輯] 標竿行銷（Bench Marketing）
由江亘松在＜你的行銷行不行＞提出
以某個市場上已經存在的競爭者為比較基準的行銷方式，例如普騰這家公司於十幾年前提出一句很經典的「Sorry，Sony」到現在還是經常被產業與學術界拿來當作行銷的案例，近年來Audi一直宣稱他們的部分車種在歐洲市場無論在性能或銷售上都令雙B感覺到威脅，這樣的行銷方法就是希望讓那些原本沒有打算買Audi的亞洲買家去思考，為什麼歐洲的消費者願意買的車在亞洲的我們卻沒有給予適當的評價。
當然要提出這樣的行銷方式勢必要先對自己的產品有一定的信心，否則如果「如花」喊出「Sorry林志玲」認同的觀眾應該不會太多吧。
Viral Marketing
[編輯] 直效營銷（DIRECT MARKETING）
根據kotler．keller行銷管理學第12版中譯本
直效行銷（direct marketing）是在沒有中間行銷商的情況下，利用消費者直接（consumer direct,CD）通路來接觸及傳送貨品和服務給客戶。主要通路包括直接信函、型錄、電話推銷，電視購物、小的售票亭、網路和汽車廣告。
直效行銷是互動是行銷系統，利用一種或多種媒體影響任何地區可衡量的回應或交易。特別是在電子行銷中正快速成長。
[編輯] 關系營銷（RELATIONSHIP MARKETING）
在很多情況下，公司並不能尋求即時的交易，所以他們會與長期供應商建立顧客關系。
公司想要展現給顧客的是卓越的服務能力，現在的顧客多是大型且全球性的。他們偏好可以提供不同地區配套產品
或服務的供應商，且可以快速解決各地的問題。
當顧客關系管理計畫被執行時，組織就必須同時注重顧客和產品管理。同時，公司必須明白，雖然關系行銷很重要，
但並不是在任何情況下都會有效的。因此，公司必須評估哪一個部門與哪一種特定的顧客採用關系行銷最有利。
[編輯] 燎原式行銷
由江亘松在＜你的行銷行不行＞提出「燎原式行銷」的重點在於，以自己強大的財力為基礎，先採取競爭對手無法跟隨並獲利的低價策略，逼迫市場競爭者紛紛退出並且樹立警告指標不讓其他潛在業者輕易越矩，這樣在下一個不怕死的競爭者出現之前，就可以創造一個無競爭者的獨占市場。
[編輯] 綠色營銷
[編輯] 社會營銷
[編輯] 營銷社團
[編輯] 市場調研
市場調研又稱營銷調研，指企業在市場營銷決策過程中，需要系統客觀收集和分析有關營銷活動的信息所做的研究。營銷調研活動涉及到產品，廣告，促銷渠道選擇，競爭者等諸多方面。
[編輯] 營銷理論的新發展
病毒式營銷
關系營銷
資料庫營銷
網路營銷
國際營銷
綠色營銷
服務營銷
過程營銷
收益管理
Marketing is an ongoing process of planning and executing the marketing mix (Proct, Price, Place, Promotion) for procts, services or ideas to create exchange between indivials and organizations.
Marketing tends to be seen as a creative instry, which includes advertising, distribution and selling. It is also concerned with anticipating the customers' future needs and wants, which are often discovered through market research.
Essentially, marketing is the process of creating or directing an organization to be successful in selling a proct or service that people not only desire, but are willing to buy.
Therefore good marketing must be able to create a "proposition" or set of benefits for the end customer that delivers value through procts or services.
Its specialist areas include:
advertising and branding
communications
database marketing
direct marketing
event organization
field marketing
global marketing
international marketing
internet marketing
instrial marketing
market research
public relations
retailing
search engine marketing
marketing strategy
marketing plan
strategic management
Experiential marketing
Social Influence Marketing
Contents [hide]
1 Introction
2 Concept of Marketing
3 Two levels of marketing
4 Four Ps
4.1 Seven Ps
5 Four New Ps
6 Proct
6.1 Scope
6.2 Steps in proct design
7 Packaging
7.1 Requirements of good packaging
7.2 Forms of packaging
8 Trademarks
8.1 Significance of a trademark
9 Brands
10 Pricing
10.1 Objectives
10.2 Factors influencing price-determination
10.3 Steps to determine price
11 Distribution (Place)
11.1 Channels
11.2 Manufacturers
11.2.1 Reasons for direct selling methods
11.2.2 Reasons for indirect selling methods
11.3 Wholesalers
11.3.1 Reasons for using wholesalers
11.3.2 Reasons for bypassing wholesalers
11.3.3 Ways of bypassing wholesalers
11.4 Agents
12 Marketing communications
12.1 Advertising
12.1.1 Functions and advantages of successful advertising
12.1.2 Objectives
12.1.3 Requirements of a good advertisement
12.1.4 Eight steps in an advertising campaign
12.2 Personal sales
12.3 Sales promotion
12.4 Marketing Public Relations (MPR)
13 Customer focus
14 Proct focus
15 See also
16 Related lists
17 References
[edit] Introction
A market-focused, or customer-focused, organization first determines what its potential customers desire, and then builds the proct or service. Marketing theory and practice is justified in the belief that customers use a proct or service because they have a need, or because it provides a perceived benefit.
Two major factors of marketing are the recruitment of new customers (acquisition) and the retention and expansion of relationships with existing customers (base management). Once a marketer has converted the prospective buyer, base management marketing takes over. The process for base management shifts the marketer to building a relationship, nurturing the links, enhancing the benefits that sold the buyer in the first place, and improving the proct/service continuously to protect the business from competitive encroachments.
For a marketing plan to be successful, the mix of the four "Ps" must reflect the wants and desires of the consumers or Shoppers in the target market. Trying to convince a market segment to buy something they don't want is extremely expensive and seldom successful. Marketers depend on insights from marketing research, both formal and informal, to determine what consumers want and what they are willing to pay for. Marketers hope that this process will give them a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing management is the practical application of this process. The offer is also an important addition to the 4P's theory.
Within most organizations, the activities encompassed by the marketing function are led by a Vice President or Director of Marketing. A growing number of organizations, especially large US companies, have a Chief Marketing Officer position, reporting to the Chief Executive Officer.
The American Marketing Association (AMA) states, "Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders."[1]
Marketing methods are informed by many of the social sciences, particularly psychology, sociology, and economics. Anthropology is also a small, but growing influence. Market research underpins these activities. Through advertising, it is also related to many of the creative arts. Marketing is a wide and heavily interconnected subject with extensive publications. It is also an area of activity infamous for re-inventing itself and its vocabulary according to the times and the culture.
[edit] Concept of Marketing
Marketing is an instructive business domain that serves to inform and ecate target markets about the value and competitive advantage of a company and its procts. 「Value」 is worth derived by the customer from owning and using the proct. 「Competitive Advantage」 is a depiction that the company or its procts are each doing something better than their competition in a way that could benefit the customer.
Marketing is focused on the task of conveying pertinent company and proct related information to specific customers, and there are a multitude of decisions (strategies) to be made within the marketing domain regarding what information to deliver, how much information to deliver, to whom to deliver, how to deliver, to deliver, and where to deliver. Once the decisions are made, there are numerous ways (tactics) and processes that could be employed in support of the selected strategies.
The goal of marketing is to build and maintain a preference for a company and its procts within the target markets. The goal of any business is to build mutually profitable and sustainable relationships with its customers. While all business domains are responsible for accomplishing this goal, the marketing domain bears a significant share of the responsibility.
Within the larger scope of its definition, marketing is performed through the actions of three coordinated disciplines named: 「Proct Marketing」, 「Corporate Marketing」, and 「Marketing Communications」. [2]
[edit] Two levels of marketing
Strategic marketing: attempts to determine how an organization competes against its competitors in a market place. In particular, it aims at generating a competitive advantage relative to its competitors.
Operational marketing: executes marketing functions to attract and keep customers and to maximize the value derived for them, as well as to satisfy the customer with prompt services and meeting the customer expectations. Operational Marketing includes the determination of the porter's five forces
[