A. 求一篇有关市场营销英文的论文5000字
First, services marketing. Modern economic development is characterized by a significant service instry booming national economy, the status of its growing importance of services marketing highlights the growing importance of China has joined WTO, foreign companies have to seize the Chinese, and foreign services, marketing war will appear white-hot trend. Economic life of service can be divided into two categories. One is service procts, proct creation and delivery for customers mainly from the core interests of intangible services. The other is the function of services, procts, mainly from the formation of the core interests of the ingredients, invisible only to meet customer service needs of non-major. Berry think that the source of the proct's core interests, the tangible and intangible elements of composition to be more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "commodity" (tangible procts); if intangible components of tangible elements to more than that, then the proct can be seen as a "service." And services consistent with this distinction, service marketing research formed the two major areas, namely services, procts, marketing and customer service marketing. Service is the essence of proct marketing, how to promote the exchange of proct services; customer service is of the essence of marketing, how to use the services as a marketing tool to promote the exchange of tangible procts. However, both services proct marketing, or customer service, marketing, service marketing is the core concept of customer satisfaction and loyalty, and by obtaining customer satisfaction and loyalty to the promotion of mutually beneficial exchange, and ultimately sales performance improvement and long-term business growth. Second, network marketing. Use of the Internet is a communication line, into the international network of global computer information delivery system will be the next most important channel for marketing. Internet Marketing features include; can provide anytime, anywhere 24 hours of global marketing services; computer can store large amounts of information, on behalf of consumer inquiries, the amount of information transmitted and accuracy, far more than other media; to meet market demands in a timely manner Update proct or price adjustments; rece printing and mailing costs; and no store rent, saving water and labor costs; can avoid the interference of a salesman selling strong; can talk through the provision of information and interaction with consumers long-term good relations. Internet is the most powerful marketing tool, it also combines Qu, marketing, electronic transactions, interactive customer service and market information analysis and delivery of a variety of functions. It features sound and light interactive communication, as of time, the media, who have been attracted to the eyes of the younger generation. In addition, it has a one to one marketing capabilities, it is consistent with [Focus marketing] and [direct marketing] future trend. Internet marketing can be considered as an emerging marketing channels, it is not necessarily to replace the traditional channels, but through the development of information technology to innovation and re-marketing channels. But it is undeniable that online marketing is bound to impact traditional marketing, so the business community must pay attention to this trend, and with the software instry for close contact and cooperation. Advertising instry as an example, in the latest media age, sales are consistent from start to finish operation, that is attracting attention from the triggered interest, resulting in purchases, procurement, these cities become, and advertising companies will participate in the marketing of the whole. Commercial enterprises also need to change the traditional organizational forms, to enhance the functions of the new media sector, the introction of both quality and marketing personnel in computer technology, the future can have the market's competitive advantage. Third, green marketing. The so-called "green marketing" refers to the social and enterprises are fully aware of the increasing environmental awareness of consumers and the resulting need for clean-based pollution-free procts based on the discovery, creation and select market opportunities, through a series of rational means of marketing to meet consumer and community development needs of the ecological environment and realize sustainable development process. Green Marketing is the core ecological principles in accordance with environmental protection and to select and determine the marketing mix strategy is based on green technology, green markets and green based on economic, ecological concerns for the human response to a mode of operation. Some developed countries the demand for green procts is very extensive, but developing countries as capital and consumer orientation, quality and consumer reasons, it can not really achieve the greening of all consumer demand. Taiwan for instance, currently only some food, home appliances, communication procts, part-green; while developed countries have adopted a variety of ways and means, including legislation, etc., Lai Tuixing and the achievement of all procts Di green consumption. Thus having a very broad basis of market demand for green marketing activities have laid a solid foundation. To green, for example, the United Kingdom, Germany, the demand for green food can not self-sufficient, the United Kingdom every year, the import of 80% of the total food consumption in Germany is as high as 98%. This indicates that the market potential for green procts is very large, very wide market demand. Green marketing is the twenty-first century consumer demand resulting from a novel marketing idea, that is, green marketing, marketing is also not out of the original theory. Therefore, the development of green marketing model and program selection and integration of related resources can not can not be severed from the original basis of marketing theory can be said that green marketing is the pursuit of health, safety, environmental protection, developed under the ideology of the new ways and means of marketing. Establish a modern enterprise is only a new marketing philosophy of sustainable development, make efforts to green marketing, the development of green procts for green proction, and sustainable development to adapt to the trend. At the same time, enterprises can further "consumer oriented", to promote sustainable consumption patterns of the full development and realization of their obligation to promote social development and ecological development of the responsibilities and obligations, so that their economic, social and environmental benefits .
B. 求有关市场营销主要工作的英语作文，大概10句话左右
At all points of the modern marketing system people have formed associations and eliminated various middlemen in order to achieve more efficient marketing.Manufacturers often maintain their own wholesale departments and deal directly with retailers.Independent stores may operate their own wholesale agencies to supply them with goods.Wholesale houses operate outlets for their wares,and farmers sell their procts through their own wholesale cooperatives.Recent years have seen the development of wholesale clubs,which sell retail items to consumers who purchase memberships that give them the privilege of shopping at wholesale prices
C. 本人急需一篇（关于市场营销的英文文章），5千字英文，有中文的翻译．
看看对你有没有帮助。
The Competition
It is essential to know who the competition is and to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Factors to consider include:
Each of your competitor's experience, staying power, market position, strength, predictability and freedom to abandon the market must be evaluated.
Your Enterprise
An honest appraisal of the strength of your enterprise is a critical factor in the development of your strategy. Factors to consider include:
Enterprise capacity to be leader in low-cost proction considering cost control infrastructure, cost of materials, economies of scale, management skills, availability of personnel and compatibility of manufacturing resources with offering requirements.
The enterprise's ability to construct entry barriers to competition such as the creation of high switching costs, gaining substantial benefit from economies of scale, exclusive access to or clogging of distribution channels and the ability to clearly differentiate your offering from the competition.
The enterprise's ability to sustain its market position is determined by the potential for competitive imitation, resistance to inflation, ability to maintain high prices, the potential for proct obsolescence and the 'learning curve' faced by the prospect.
The prominence of the enterprise.
The competence of the management team.
The adequacy of the enterprise's infrastructure in terms of organization, recruiting capabilities, employee benefit programs, customer support facilities and logistical capabilities.
The freedom of the enterprise to make critical business decisions without une influence from distributors, suppliers, unions, creditors, investors and other outside influences.
Freedom from having to deal with legal problems.
Development
A review of the strength and viability of the proct/service development program will heavily influence the direction of your strategy. Factors to consider include:
The strength of the development manager including experience with personnel management, current and new technologies, complex projects and the equipment and tools used by the development personnel.
Personnel who understand the relevant technologies and are able to perform the tasks necessary to meet the development objectives.
Adequacy and appropriateness of the development tools and equipment.
The necessary funding to achieve the development objectives.
Design specifications that are manageable.
Proction
You should review your enterprise's proction organization with respect to their ability to cost effectively proce procts/services. The following factors are considered:
The strength of proction manager including experience with personnel management, current and new technologies, complex projects and the equipment and tools used by the manufacturing personnel.
Economies of scale allowing the sharing of operations, sharing of proction and the potential for vertical integration.
Technology and proction experience
The necessary proction personnel skill level and/or the enterprise's ability to hire or train qualified personnel.
The ability of the enterprise to limit suppliers bargaining power.
The ability of the enterprise to control the quality of raw materials and proction.
Adequate access to raw materials and sub-assembly proction.
Marketing/Sales
The marketing and sales organization is analyzed for its strengths and current activities. Factors to consider include:
Experience of Marketing/Sales manager including contacts in the instry (prospects, distribution channels, media), familiarity with advertising and promotion, personal selling capabilities, general management skills and a history of profit and loss responsibilities.
The ability to generate good publicity as measured by past successes, contacts in the press, quality of promotional literature and market ecation capabilities.
Sales promotion techniques such as trade allowances, special pricing and contests.
The effectiveness of your distribution channels as measured by history of relations, the extent of channel utilization, financial stability, reputation, access to prospects and familiarity with your offering.
Advertising capabilities including media relationships, advertising budget, past experience, how easily the offering can be advertised and commitment to advertising.
Sales capabilities including availability of personnel, quality of personnel, location of sales outlets, ability to generate sales leads, relationship with distributors, ability to demonstrate the benefits of the offering and necessary sales support capabilities.
The appropriateness of the pricing of your offering as it relates to competition, price sensitivity of the prospect, prospect's familiarity with the offering and the current market life cycle stage.
Customer Services
The strength of the customer service function has a strong influence on long term market success. Factors to consider include:
Experience of the Customer Service manager in the areas of similar offerings and customers, quality control, technical support, proct documentation, sales and marketing.
The availability of technical support to service your offering after it is purchased.
One or more factors that causes your customer support to stand out as unique in the eyes of the customer.
Accessibility of service outlets for the customer.
The reputation of the enterprise for customer service.
Conclusion
After defining your strategy you must use the information you have gathered to determine whether this strategy will achieve the objective of making your enterprise competitive in the marketplace. Two of the most important assessments are described below.
Cost To Enter Market
This is an analysis of the factors that will influence your costs to achieve significant market penetration. Factors to consider include:
Your marketing strength.
Access to low cost materials and effective proction.
The experience of your enterprise.
The complexity of introction problems such as lack of adherence to instry standards, unavailability of materials, poor quality control, regulatory problems and the inability to explain the benefits of the offering to the prospect.
The effectiveness of the enterprise infrastructure in terms of organization, recruiting capabilities, employee benefit programs, customer support facilities and logistical capabilities.
Distribution effectiveness as measured by history of relations, the extent of channel utilization, financial stability, reputation, access to prospects and familiarity with your offering.
Technological efforts likely to be successful as measured by the strength of the development organization.
The availability of adequate operating capital.
Profit Potential
This is an analysis of the factors that could influence the potential for generating and maintaining profits over an extended period. Factors to consider include:
Potential for competitive retaliation is based on the competitors resources, commitment to the instry, cash position and predictability as well as the status of the market.
The enterprise's ability to construct entry barriers to competition such as the creation of high switching costs, gaining substantial benefit from economies of scale, exclusive access to or clogging of distribution channels and the ability to clearly differentiate your offering from the competition.
The intensity of competitive rivalry as measured by the size and number of competitors, limitations on exiting the market, differentiation between offerings and the rapidity of market growth.
The ability of the enterprise to limit suppliers bargaining power.
The enterprise's ability to sustain its market position is determined by the potential for competitive imitation, resistance to inflation, ability to maintain high prices, the potential for proct obsolescence and the 'learning curve' faced by the prospect.
The availability of substitute solutions to the prospect's need.
The prospect's bargaining power as measured by the ease of switching to an alternative, the cost to look at alternatives, the cost of the offering, the differentiation between your offering and the competition and the degree of the prospect's need.
Market potential for new procts considering market growth, prospect's need for your offering, the benefits of the offering, the number of barriers to immediate use, the credibility of the offering and the impact on the customer's daily operations.
The freedom of the enterprise to make critical business decisions without une influence from distributors, suppliers, unions, investors and other outside influences.
D. 有没有关于市场营销方面的英文文章
www.financetimes.com上面多的很的内啊容
E. 急！求关于市场营销（最好是关于营销策略的）的英文文献2000字左右的，最好带翻译，在线等！
大家知道，企业管理包括生产管理、营销管理和财务管理等多个方面，而财务管理是企业整个管理体系的核心，企业的财务管理目标即是企业追求的目标。可见，只有以财务管理为中心，协调运作管理体系的各个方面，才能有效地强化企业管理，促进企业发展。从全国来说，民营企业数量众多、分布广泛、特点各异，再加上受宏观经济环境化和体制影响，民营企业在加强财务管理方面遇到了一定的阻力，例如：政策的“歧视”使民营企业和大型企业不能公平竞争，地方政府、行业管理部门的干预，使民营企业的财务管理目标短期化，再主要的就是民营企业财务管理受业主的影响过大等一些主观因素的存在，导致财务管理的重要性被忽视。所以，其财务管理中存在的问题也多种多样，我认为，目前普遍存在的问题和原因主要有：
（一）融资困难，周转资金不足，使财务管理成断源之湖。
目前，我国民营企业初步建立了较为独立、渠道多元的融资体系，但是，融资难、担保难，仍然是制约民营企业发展的最突出的问题，主要问题是：第一，负债过多，融资成本高，风险大，造成民营企业信用等级低，资信相对较差。第二，大多数民营企业是非大型企业，有些银行受传统观念和行政干预的影响，对其贷款不够热心。第三，中介机构不健全，缺乏专门为民营企业贷款服务的金融中介机构和贷款担保机构。
分析其主要原因表现在两个方面：一是金融业对民营企业的信贷支持不够。我国金融系统从设置到服务项目，大都是以大企业为服务对象，民营企业的信贷服务往往被忽视。由于贷款难，生产经营过程中所需资金不足，极大制约了民营企业的发展。有的民营企业，虽存在暂时困难，但银行一旦支持就能起死回生；二是民营企业的融资渠道单一，难以适应市场需求的变化。由于有的民营企业，在既得不到银行的贷款支持，又不具有自我融资或向社会公开融资能力，无形中，加强企业财务管理也就成了一句空话，财务管理也就成了断源之湖。
（二）财务控制薄弱，缺乏科学性，使财务管理举步艰难。
大部分民营企业存在财务控制环节薄弱，而且对加强财务管理方面不够重视，没有从真正意义上理解财务管理在企业中的地位。主要问题有：一是资金管理不严，财务控制薄弱，造成资金闲置或不足。二是应收账款周转缓慢，造成资金回收困难。三是存货控制薄弱，造成资金呆滞。四是重钱轻物，资产流失严重。
分析其原因主要是：一是有些民营企业认为现金越多越好，致使大量现金未参加周转，有的是资金缺少计划安排，过量购置不动产，而使企业无法应付经营急需的资金，陷入财务困境。二是没有建立严格的赊销政策，缺乏有力的摧收措施，应收款不能兑现或形成呆账。三是很多民营企业月末存货占用资金往往超过其营业额的两倍以上，造成资金呆滞周转失灵。四是不少民营企业管理者，对原材料、半成品、固定资产等管理不到位，出了问题无人追究，资产浪费严重。分析以上原因，最重要的是因为企业上层领导财务管理观念落后，缺乏科学性，在思想上没有真正理解财务管理对做大做强一个企业所起到的作用，没有将财务管理纳入企业管理的有效机制中，缺乏现代财务管理观念，使财务管理失去了它在企业管理中应有的地位和作用，举步艰难。
（三）管理模式疆化，管理观念陈旧，使财务管理暗然失色。
由于长期以来在思想上受到旧的财务制度的约束，企业管理人员的观念比较滞后。主要问题有：一是企业的投资者同时就是经营者。二是企业管理者的管理能力和管理素质差，管理思想落后。
分析其原因主要是：民营企业典型的管理模式是所有权和经营权高度统一，企业的投资者同时就是经营者，这种模式势必给企业的财务管理带来负面影响，民营企业中相当一部分属于个体私营性质，在这些企业中，企业领导者集权现象严重，并且对财务管理的理论方法缺乏应有的认识和研究，致使其职责不分，越权行事，造成财务管理混乱，财务监核不严，会计人员独舟难行，想规范管理很难。大部分企业没有或无法建立内部审计部门，即使有，也很难保证内部审计的独立性。另外，有些企业没有将财务管理纳入企业管理的有效机制中，缺乏现代财务管理观念，多数民营企业家尚未建立起诸如时间价值、风险价值、边际成本、机会成本等科学管理的概念，由于管理模式疆化，管理观念陈旧，使财务管理暗然失色，失去了它在企业管理中应有的地位和作用。
First, the privately operated enterprise the question and the reasonanalysis which exists in the financial control As everybody knows, business management including proctionmanagement, marketing management and financial control and so on manyaspects, but the financial control is the enterprise entire managementsystem core, enterprise's financial control goal is a goal which theenterprise pursues. Obviously, only has take the financial control asthe center, the coordination operates management system each aspect,can effectively strengthen the business management, the promotionenterprise develops.Said from the nation that, the privately operated enterprise quantitymultitudinous, distributed is widespread, the characteristicrespectively differently, in addition receives the macroscopiceconomic environment and the system influence, the privately operatedenterprise was strengthening the financial control aspect to meet thecertain resistance, for example: The policy "the discrimination"causes the privately operated enterprise and the major instry cannotthe fair competition, the local authority, the profession controlsection's intervention, causes the privately operated enterprise thefinancial control goal short-term, again is main is the privatelyoperated enterprise financial control owner's influence oversized andso on some subjective factors existences, causes the financial controlthe importance to neglect. Therefore, in its financial control existsquestion also many and varied, I believed, at present the universalexistence question and the reason mainly have: .
(1) financing difficulty, the revolving fund is insufficient, causeslake of the financial control Cheng Duanyuan. At present, the our country privately operated enterprise initiallyestablished has been independent, the channel many Yuan financingsystem, but, financed difficultly, to guarantee difficultly, still wasthe most prominent question which the restriction privately operatedenterprise developed, the main question was: First, is in debtexcessively many, financing cost high, risk big, creates the privatelyoperated enterprise credit rank low, helps the letter relatively to beworse. Second, the majority privately operated enterprise right andwrong major instry, some banks the traditional ideas and theadministrative intervention influence, insufficiently are warm-heartedto its loan. Third, the facilitating agency is not perfect, lacksspecially the financial facilitating agency and the loan guaranteeorganization which serves for the privately operated enterprise loan. Analyzes its main reason to display in two aspects: One is the financeinstry is insufficient to the privately operated enterprise's creditaid. Our country finance system from establishes to the serviceproject, mostly is take the big enterprise as the service object, theprivately operated enterprise's credit service is often neglected.Because the loan is difficult, in the proction management processneeds the fund to be insufficient, enormously has restricted theprivately operated enterprise's development. Some privately operatedenterprises, although exists temporarily difficultly, but the bankonce supports can bring back to life; Two is the privately operatedenterprise's financing channel is unitary, adapts the market demandchange with difficulty. As a result of some privately operatedenterprises, in both cannot obtain the bank the loan support, and doesnot have self- financing or to the social public financing ability,imperceptibly, strengthened the enterprise financial control also tobecome an empty talk, the financial control has also become mediateslake of the source.
(2) financial control is weak, lacks the scientific nature, causes thefinancial control to take a step difficultly. The majority of privately operated enterprises have the financialcontrol link to be weak, moreover to strengthens the financial controlaspect insufficiently to take, has not understood the financialcontrol from the true significance in enterprise's status. The mainquestion includes: One is the fund management is lax, financialcontrol weak, creates the fund to leave unused or to be insufficient.Two is the receivable account funds turnover is slow, causes the fundrecycling difficulty. Three, the inventory control is weak, createsthe fund delay. Four is re- Qian Qingwu, the property drainsseriously. Analyzes its reason mainly is: One is some privately operatedenterprises thought cash more the better, causes the massive cashesnot to participate in the turnover, some are the fund lacks the planarrangement, excessive purchase real estate, but causes the enterpriseto be unable to deal with the management urgently needed fund, fallsinto the financial difficult position. Two is does not have theestablishment strict selling on credit policy, lacks powerfullydestroys receives the measure, should receive money cannot cash orform the ll account. Three is very many privately operatedenterprises end of the month the goods in stock takes the fund oftento surpass its turnover above two times, creates the fund delayturnover to malfunction. Four is many privately operated enterprisessuperintendents, to management and so on raw material, half-finishedproct, fixed asset did not arrive, leaves question nobody toinvestigate, the property waste was serious. Above analyzes thereason, most importantly because the enterprise upper formationleadership financial control idea is backward, lacks the scientificnature, the untrue understanding financial control to does in thethought greatly makes the role which the strong enterprise plays, hasnot bought into line with the financial control the businessmanagement in the effective mechanism, lacks the modern financialcontrol idea, caused the financial control to lose it the status andthe function which should have in the business management, took a stepdifficultly.
3) management pattern boundary, manages the idea obsoletely, causesthe financial control to be dark however 失色. Because receives the old financial system since long ago in thethought the restraint, business management personnel's idea comparisonlag. The main question includes: One is at the same time enterprise'sinvestor is the operator. Two is the enterprise superintendent'smanagement ability and the management quality bad, manages the thoughtto be backward. Analyzes its reason mainly is: The privately operated enterprise modelmanagement pattern is the property rights and the operating righthighly unifies, at the same time enterprise's investors is theoperator, this kind of pattern inevitably will give the enterprise thefinancial control to bring the negative influence, in the privatelyoperated enterprise quite a part will belong to the indivial tooperate privately the nature, in these enterprises, enterprise leadercentralization phenomenon serious, and will lack the understanding andthe research to the financial control theory method which will besupposed to have, will cause its responsibility not to divide, exceedsauthority to handle affairs, creates the financial control chaotic,the finance will supervise the nucleus not to be lax, accountant thepersonnel alone boat difficult line, to think the standard managementwill be very difficult. The majority of enterprises not or are unableto establish the interior auditing department, even if has, also isvery difficult to guarantee the internal audit the independence.Moreover, some enterprises have not bought into line with thefinancial control the business management in the effective mechanism,lacks the modern financial control idea, the most privateenterpreneurs not yet establish such as scientific management the andso on time value, risk value, marginal cost, opportunity cost concept,as a result of the management pattern boundary, manages the ideaobsoletely, causes the financial control to be dark however 失色,has lost it the status and the function which should have in thebusiness management.
F. 寻找一篇关于市场营销的英汉互译的2500左右的文章，最好是关于电子商务促销类的文章
. Fully comprehending the important significance of enhancing the regularized development of electronic commerce
In recent years, with the improvement of information technology and the popularization of internet, China’s electronic commerce has been developing in a persistent and rapid way and playing a more and more important role in flourishing domestic market, expanding consumption, recing logistic cost and improving circulation efficiency, etc. However, at the same time, China’s electronic commerce development is still at the starting stage, the whole application level is relatively low, the trading environment needs to be improved, the general public’s recognition and acceptance of electronic commerce still needs to be enhanced, and information disclosure, payment, commodity delivery and other behaviors concerned in electronic commerce still need to be regularized. Therefore, enhancing the regularized development of electronic commerce and guiding market players to regularize their market behaviors are not only the objective requirements for preventing market risks, settling trade conflicts and enhancing the sound and healthy development of electronic commerce, but also the inevitable needs for implementing the scientific view of development and building a socialist harmonious society.
II. Regularizing the electronic commerce information dissemination behaviors and optimizing the online trading environment
It is required to regularize the information release and transmission behaviors of all parties concerned to online trading so as to improve the legality, safety, authenticity, integrity, timeliness and convenience of various kinds of commercial information.
1. Regularizing the contents of the electronic commerce information to be released. We shall applaud online traders to conct in their real identities, guide all parties to truthfully release commodity and service information, keep transaction records and make announcements on uncertain risks and risks hard to confirm. We shall also prevent and stop trading parties from releasing trading information about such prohibited procts as hazardous chemicals, guns and drugs as well as such illegal services as porn.
2. Regularizing the dissemination mode of electronic commerce information. We shall guide enterprises to legally use network servers, e-mail, network ad, search engine and other ways to release and transmit commerce information, and prevent and deter malicious links, disrupting mails, recessive network ad and other inappropriate modes of dissemination.
3. Safeguarding trading information safety. We shall guide e-commerce enterprises to establish a network and information safety guard system and constantly improve it, and take effective website safety measures, enterprise information confidentiality measures and user information safety measures to prevent and put an end to acts of stealing trade secrets via internet or providing user information to third parties to gain profits.
4. Guaranteeing the effective dissemination of information. We shall encourage e-commerce enterprises to provide information services in convenient forms and update information as frequently as possible, prevent and put an end to acts of impeding consumers from inquiring about commodity information or selecting commodities freely, and make sure that the information exchange between traders and consumers is timely and smooth.
5. Cracking down upon fraulent concts in e-commerce field. We shall assist the related department to crack down upon false publicity or quality-related fraulence in e-commerce activities and take advantage of various kinds of channels, resources and forces to prevent and put an end to acts of releasing false or incomplete information via network or deceiving or misleading consumers so as to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of trading information about the quality, performance, specification and price of commodities and services.
III. Regularizing e-commerce trading behaviors and promoting the harmonious and orderly development of the internet market
We shall applaud legal, regularized, fair and equitable online marketing, electronic contracting, after-sale services and other e-commerce trading behaviors, and prevent and settle various kinds of trading conflicts.
1. Regularizing user registration and member development. We shall guide e-commerce enterprises to attract users and develop members by legal, open and transparent ways, prevent and stop acts of charging large amount of fees against people desiring to become members or asking them to purchase certain commodities before becoming members, put an end to multi-level marketing behaviors concted by taking the internet as a cover-up, encourage providers of third-party trading platforms to provide online store services on the precondition of real name registration, establish a trading safety guard and backup system, and find out and give warnings on trading risks in a timely manner.
2. Regularizing various kinds of online sales promotion behaviors. We shall guide e-commerce enterprises to, when they are concting sales promotion activities via the internet, publicize the mode of sales promotion, rules, time limit, involved commodities, restrictive conditions and other related contents on the website, and prevent and stop such events as false original price, unconformity of real objects, delay of the delivery of special offers and black box operations from occurring in such online sales promotion behaviors as sale promotion by giving discounts, special offers or credits, clicking some pages to win a lottery, and joint promotion, etc.
3. Regularizing electronic contracting behaviors. We shall guide e-commerce enterprises to work out their respective legal and fair user agreement, which shall specify the rights and obligations of the enterprise and its users, and make sure that users can conveniently access to all contents of the agreement before accepting it. We shall prevent and stop acts of contracting by such illegal means as fraulence and malicious collaboration. We suggest enterprises to, before they make any change in the user agreement, notify users of the change in an efficient way, and tell them the reasons for and content of the change.
4. Regularizing online auction behaviors. We shall regularize the business acts of online sellers and trading platform providers, and guide traders to abide by the Auction Law and other related laws and regulations, to accurately, clearly and completely present articles to be auctioned and to work out fair and reasonable online auction rules.
5. Regularizing e-commerce after-sale services. We shall guide e-commerce enterprises to establish after-sale service systems and systems for exchanging and returning goods, constantly perfect them, publicize them and conct in strict accordance with them. We shall prevent and stop enterprises’ acts of shuffling after-sale responsibility, delaying the exchange of goods and refusing to accept returned goods so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of online shoppers.
一、充分认识促进电子商务规范发展的重要意义
近年来，随着信息技术的进步和互联网的普及，我国电子商务持续快速发展，在繁荣国内市场、扩大居民消费、降低物流成本、提高流通效率等方面发挥着日益重要的作用。同时，我国电子商务发展还处于起步阶段，整体应用水平比较低，交易环境有待改善，社会公众对电子商务的认知度和认可度有待提高，电子商务信息披露、资金支付和商品交付等行为还有待规范。因此，促进电子商务规范发展，引导交易参与方规范各类市场行为，是防范市场风险、化解交易矛盾、促进电子商务健康发展的客观需要，也是贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。
二、规范电子商务信息传播行为，优化网络交易环境
规范网络交易各方的信息发布和传递行为，提高各类商务信息的合法性、安全性、真实性、完整性、时效性和便捷性。
（一）规范电子商务信息发布内容。提倡在线交易的真实身份，引导交易各方如实发布商品及服务信息，保存交易记录信息，并对难以确认和不可预测的风险信息予以声明。防范和制止交易各方在线发布危险化学品、枪支、毒品等违禁品以及色情等非法服务的交易信息。
（二）规范电子商务信息传播方式。引导企业合法地运用网络服务器平台、电子邮件、网络广告、搜索引擎推广等方式发布和传递商务信息。防范和制止恶意链接、干扰性邮件、隐性网络广告等不当宣传方式。
（三）维护交易信息安全。引导电子商务企业建立健全网络与信息安全保障制度，采取有效的网站安全保障措施、企业信息保密措施和用户信息安全措施，防范和制止利用互联网盗取商业秘密和提供用户信息给第三方以牟取利益的行为。
（四）保障信息的有效传播。鼓励电子商务企业提供形式便捷、更新迅速的信息服务，防范和制止阻碍消费者查询商品信息和自由选择商品的行为，保障商家和客户之间信息交流的及时顺畅。
（五）打击电子商务领域的欺诈行为。协同有关部门打击电子商务活动中存在的虚假宣传、质量欺诈等行为。借助各类渠道、资源和力量，防范和制止利用网络发布虚假或不完整信息、欺骗或误导消费者的行为，保障商品（服务）的质量、性能、规格、价格等交易信息的真实准确。
三、规范电子商务交易行为，促进网络市场和谐有序
提倡合法规范、公平公正的网上营销、电子签约和售后服务等行为，防范和化解电子商务中的各类交易纠纷。
（一）规范用户注册和会员发展行为。引导电子商务企业以合法、公开、透明的方式吸引用户注册、发展会员，防范和制止以收取高额费用或购买商品为前提条件的发展会员行为，杜绝以互联网为隐蔽手段的传销行为。鼓励第三方交易平台的提供者以实名注册为条件提供网上店铺开设服务，建立交易安全保障与备份制度，发现并及时警示交易风险。
（二）规范各类网上促销行为。引导电子商务企业在开展网上促销活动时将促销方式、规则、期限、商品范围以及相关限制性条件等促销内容在网站上公开发布。防范和制止在网上折价促销、网上赠品促销、积分促销、网上点击抽奖、网上联合促销等活动中出现的虚构原价、实物不符、拖延发放赠品和幕后操作等现象。
（三）规范电子签约行为。引导电子商务企业制定合法公正的用户协议，确定与用户之间的权利与义务，并保证用户在接受协议前能够便利完整地阅知其内容。防范和制止以欺诈、恶意串通等不法手段促成协议签订的行为。提倡企业在修改用户协议时，提前以有效方式通知用户，并注明修改原因和变动内容。
（四）规范网上拍卖经营行为。规范网上拍卖方以及交易平台服务提供方的经营行为，引导经营者遵守《拍卖法》及相关法律法规，准确、清晰、完整地表述拍卖标的，制定公平合理的网上拍卖规则条款。
（五）规范电子商务售后服务行为。引导电子商务企业建立健全、公开发布并严格执行售后服务和换货退货制度。防范和制止企业逃避售后责任、拖延换货和拒不受理退货的行为，维护网上购物消费者的合法权益。
G. 求购（关于市场营销的英文文章）
中文 随着IT技术的发展，企业以越来越快的速度向网络化转变，现在我们已经进入了信息时代，速度更成了我们不断追求的方向。而对于每个企业必不可少的市场营销部门在以更超前的速度转变着，人们开始向网络营销转化。 有的专家说，在网络时代的今天网络营销会很快的替代传统的营销方式而成为市场的主旋律。因为人们可以看到了网络营销的优势， 在企业内部 ，部门和部门之间都相互联网有利于信息共享 ，也缩短了信息传递的时间。 从而大大提高了工作效率， 可以在公司电脑上面建立数据库，里边存有客户的基本资料和消费信息纪录 ，有利于实施一对一营销，从而更好的为客户服务。同时也能让客户感受到企业对他是相当的在乎， 更提高了客户的忠诚度 ，而对于网络销售同样很有诱惑力，它可以省略许多中间商，象批发商 、经销商、 甚至是零售商， 而直接面对客户。从而大大降低了成本，企业的产品更有竞争力取得更大的销售业绩，而更主要的是能以最快的速度得到客户的反馈信息，使企业的产品更适应市场的需求，而使企业总是走在市场的最前列。 可有的专家却认为。网络营销是有一些优势，但他的缺点却不容忽视。网络化是可以更快的得到市场信息， 但网络销售提高销售业绩却不堪赞同。他们认为，网络化今天却只是最前沿的东西。大部分的人还没有接受这种方式。人们还不太习惯在网上购物，他们对这些虚拟的东西缺乏信任，他们还是比较相信现实中存在的东西。生活中，如果我买了东西质量有什么问题直接就可以找厂家， 或者找卖主 ，而且会很快的得到答复。可网上我不知道该找谁，怎么找，什么时候有答复？再说有的东西根本就不适合在网上销售，比如可口可乐公司生产的饮品， 我想喝的时候随便进哪个商店或者超市都能买到，这已经再方便不过了，还要怎么简化销售过程吗？谁都知道没有必要了。你要想得到顾客的信任，想尽可能的满足顾客，那么我想最有效的方法不是去降低成本，只要你在世界的每个角落都摆放上可乐，让人们不论在什么时间什么地点只要想喝就能够看到它那就是对顾客最大的满足，不要只顾着降低成本而却忘了更重要的市场占有率。 网络化发展的的确快，可按照现在的电脑普及率要完全的向网络化转变还需要相当长的时间，更何况对我们中国的企业。网络营销确实潜力很大，可要完全开发却也不易，传统的营销方式还是会占主导地位，网络营销很快的取代传统的营销是不现实的。也许最好的营销方式不是网络营销，也不是传统营销，我觉得他们完全可以相互补充，各取所长，也许那才是最好最有前途的营销方式吧。
H. 急求两篇有关市场营销的英语论文，600字左右，12月10号之前发[email protected]里，跪谢！
如果想免费下载文献，请到我的网络博客看下，会不断更新一些能用的免费国内外图书馆专的帐号。我毕业属以后离开学校也有一段时间没法查文献，后来我找到个网站（下面文章里有地址），上面更新一些能用的免费国内外图书馆的帐号，我也在我的网络博客里更新。可以去找找试试。
http://hi..com/pxpsd/blog/item/f11407de357a455295ee3726.html
I. 求一篇关于市场营销的英文文献附带翻译5000字左右
家用医疗器械营销概述
目前，市场上畅销的器械类别大致可分为三类：一零售价500元左右的健康电器或一类器械，二零售价1000元-5000元之间的水机（不是器械）或其他，三为零售价5000元以上的健康电器或健康寝具或二类器械。
营销模式的创新和变迁，向来都是医药保健品的专利，家用器械也不例外。家用器械营销模式也为三种，一种社区定点或不定点销售，俗称“跑腿式”；第二种会议营销，也分为两种，一单一会议营销型，二复合会议营销型。目前单一型会议营销比例已经较低了，主要是“社区店+会议营销”模式，因为增加了前期筛选的过程，会议营销投入产出比有提高，但弱点也同样明显—营销成本高；第三种就是“体验中心”模式，相比较会议营销而言，特点是购买周期拉长，顾客满意度较高，注重营销细节。价格与模式是关联的，低价配合“跑腿式”，中端挈合“会议营销”型，高端就是“体验中心”了，当然也有例外。
营销模式再创新，它都有核心点。家用器械的营销核心点不外乎这几个：让产品自己说话、顾客复制、结果对比、细节控制、心理暗示。
“让产品自己说话”是器械营销的最核心点，它包含两个方面：一产品本身，二免费体验。古语说，酒香不怕巷子深，任何的叫卖声都比不上产品的疗效。消费者真正需求的是长期使用却能累积疗效的器械，而不是包装完美的东西。温热型器械的火热跟自身是2类器械这点是分不开的（2类器械是SDA指对其安全性、有效性应当加以控制的医疗器械）。我预计，市场上那些伪器械将被逐渐淘汰出局，留守者只有1类和2类器械。
第二免费体验。任何时候，免费体验都会是最佳的营销手段。免费体验的基础是建立在产品良好疗效的基础之上的。实际应用免费体验时，应该把免费体验的内容搞得具有高附加值，具有神秘感，这样免费体验者才有足够的兴趣。具体到操作细节上，就要根据产品特色确定吸引消费群的价值诱因、免费体验的时间长度、对顾客每个接触点的提供同质服务、人多人少时候的不同体验方案应用等等。
总之一句话，让产品自己说话是最省力、最经济、最具顾客忠诚度的器械营销核心。
“顾客复制”是器械营销的另一个关键点。顾客复制包含了以下两个方面：一病毒式数量复制，二病毒式质量复制。病毒式数量复制往往应用于市场开拓的初期。应该有这么几个关键环节；找到关键顾客、制造可以快速传播的小段子（融合顾客案例）、适宜的礼品手段吸引顾客体验或者顾客帮带传、运用排队技术吸引顾客体验等等。说到底，就是要制造一个或多个病毒性的案例或者话题完成在目标顾客中快速复制，以达到小成本大人群的回报。二病毒式质量复制主要是应用在已有众多试用或体验顾客，要提高销售率的阶段。我认为病毒式质量复制主要的技术手段还是顾客帮带传，这种方法准确率高，当然病毒性案例传播是必不可少的。
“结果对比”，我个人认为是一种比较有效的提高消费者购买率的营销手段。器械的主要营销对象肯定是有慢性病的中老年消费群。对于中老年人群来讲，往往医生的结论和检测、化验报告单是他们认为最权威的健康证明。而对于中老年消费群而言，其收入程度决定了他的购买趋向是保守的，购买一样大件是要经过若干遍决策的。那么就要给他和他的家庭找到好的购买理由，使用器械前后的身体指标检测对照是个不错的选择理由（可以是短期的，也可以是长期的）。成本可能高些，但效果很明显。
“细节控制”。俗话说：细节决定成败。器械营销中，对细节的把控反映了此企业的营销水平以及成功与否。中老年消费群起初是冲着免费体验来的，当感知产品疗效后，如果能够提供良好的环境和细节控制的话，那么体验地点就会成为中老年人除却家、公园、菜场的
第四个活动地点。做到了这点，器械不热销都不可能。在会议营销中，我老注意一个细节——鼓掌，很多人都会忽略这点，我基本上通过鼓掌这个细节来判断这个企业会议营销的水平如何。做器械营销，我们就要搞清楚与消费者的每个接触点，而且要确保每个接触点提供的服务是标准的，这样才能给每个顾客统一的印象。当然对于喜来健们不问任何人都叫成“爸”“妈”的这个细节，我有些疑义，但喜来健是提供的标准服务。
“心理暗示”。应该说心理暗示并不是个新的营销手段，但是如果是当作病毒值入销售过程的还就是喜来健们。喜来健存在两种心理暗示：一体验时间必需超过3个月才开卖，二体验前的讲课环节，最核心应是喊口号。喜来健的仪器大都在万元左右，价钱不低，购买阻力很大，喜来健的诡异就在心理暗示这个环节，它要让体验者养成长期的体验和心理习惯，离不开喜来健。这条营销技巧是硬币的两面，用好了提高销售量，用不好易形成社会问题。
末了，我个人认为器械的营销它应该是个综合体。我坚持认为2000元以下器械是未来的主流，动因就是2000元以下器械其营销模式可以是个综合体，而且其营销效果可以集群放大。
真实的器械营销并不是像本文说得这么简单，而是由很多环节组成，但这条是既定的：让产品自己说话！
At present, in the market thebest-selling instrument category may divide into three kinds approximately:Retail price 500 Yuan about healthy electric appliances either a kind ofinstrument, two retail price 1000 Yuan - 5000 Yuan between hydraulic engines(are not instrument) or other, three are the retail price 5000 Yuan abovehealthy electric appliances either the healthy bedding or two kind ofinstruments.
The marketing pattern's innovationand the vicissitude, are always the medicine healthy proct patents, the homeuse instrument is not exceptional. The home use instrument marketing pattern isalso three kinds, one kind of community fixed point or the unfixed point sale,the popular name “runs about the type”; Second kind of conference marketing,also divides into two kinds, a sole conference marketing, two compoundconference marketing. At present was unitary the conference marketingproportion already to lower, was mainly “the community shop + conferencemarketing” the pattern, because increased the earlier period screening process,the conference marketing put into proction compared to having theenhancement, but weakness similarly was also obvious - the marketing cost to behigh; The third kind is “the experience center” the pattern, compares theconference marketing saying that the characteristic is purchases the cycle toelongate, the customer degree of satisfaction is high, pays great attention themarketing detail. The price and the pattern are the connection, the low pricecoordination “runs about the type”, the end lifts gathers “the conferencemarketing”, the high-end was “the experience center”, certainly also had theexception.
The marketing pattern innovatesagain, it has the core spot. Home use instrument's marketing core nothing elsebut these: Let proct speak, the customer to plicate, the result contrast,the detail control, the psychological suggestion.
“lets proct speak” is the instrumentmarketing most core spot, it contains two aspects: A proct itself, two freeexperience. The archaism said that the liquor fragrance does not fear the laneto be deep, any hawks the sound not to compare the proct curative effect.What consumer true demand is the long-term use can actually accumulate thecurative effect the instrument, but is not the packing perfect thing. Thewarming up instrument is fiery 2 kind of instrument this is cannot separate (2kind of instruments with oneself is SDA refers to medical instrument which toits security, validity must perform to control). I estimated that in the marketthese false instruments will be been eliminated graally, remaining behind totake care of things have 1 kind and 2 kind of instruments.
The second free experience. At any time, thefree experience can be the best marketing method. The free experience'sfoundation is the establishment in above the proct good curative effectfoundation. When practical application free experience, should do the freeexperience content has the high added value, has the mystical feeling, suchfree experience only then has the
enough interest. Makes concrete tothe operation detail, must according to the proct characteristic determinethat time the attraction expense group the value cause, the free experience'stime length, to customer each contact point provides the homogeneity service,the person multi-people to be few different experience plan application and soon.
In brief a few words, let proctspeak are most rece effort, to be most economical, most to have the customerloyalty the instrument marketing core.
The customer plicates” isinstrument marketing another key point. The customer plicated has containedthe following two aspects: A viral type quantity plication, two viral typequality plication. The viral type quantity plication often applies in themarket development initial period. Should have such several key links; Findsthe small piece which the essential customer, the manufacture may disseminatefast (fusing customer case), the suitable present method to attract thecustomer to experience or attends to the association of merchants either comingfrom other places or working away from their native place belt passing on,using the lining up technology attracts customer experience and so on. In thefinal analysis, is must make or many virulent cases or the topic completes inthe goal customer the fast plication, achieves the small cost big crowd the repayment.Two viral type quality plication was mainly the application in had thenumerous tests or the experience customer, must raise the sales rate the stage.I thought that the viral type quality plication main technological meansattend to the association of merchants either coming from other places orworking away from their native place belt biography, this method rate ofaccuracy is high, the certainly virulent case dissemination is essential.
“
J. 高分跪求!!!市场营销相关的中英文对照3000字左右的文章
术语：
PROFIT SHARING-------------------利润分成
DOCK CHARGE----------------------码头费
INLAND CHARGE--------------------内陆转运费
MERCHANDISE INSPECTION-----------商检费
TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGE---------THC
DRAYAGE--------------------------提箱和还箱费
PEAK SEASON SURCHARGE------------旺季附加费
COMMISSION-----------------------佣金
MAILS FEE------------------------邮寄费
PANAMA CHANNEL CHARGE------------运河费
THE CHARGE OF FREIGHT------------运杂费
TRANSSHIPMENT COSTS -------------中转费
VANNING FEE----------------------装箱费
INSURANCE FEE--------------------保险费
CUSTOM CLEARANCE FEE-------------报关费
CY SURCHARGE---------------------CY交货附加费
EQUIPMENT RETURN CHARGE----------空箱返还费
DIVERSION FEE--------------------改港费
EQUIPMENT CHANGING CHARGE--------改箱费
PORT CONGESTION SURCHARGE--------港口拥挤费
BUNKER ADJUSTIVE FACTOR----------BAF(燃油附加费)
CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTOR-------CAF(币值附加费)
STORAGE CHARGE-------------------仓储费
CUSTOM INSPECTION FEE------------查验费
DEVANNING CHARGE-----------------拆箱费
DESTINATION DELIVERY CHARGE------DDC(终点码头卸货费)
HANDLING CHARGE------------------代理费
REFUND---------------------------反佣
GENERAL RATE INCREASE------------GRI(全面涨价费)
OCEAN FREIGHT--------------------海运费
DOCUMENT TRANSFERING FEE---------换单费
EQUIPMENT REPOSITION SURCHARGE---空箱调运费
WAREHOUSE REFUND SHARING---------拼箱退佣
CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION--------CFS(集装箱货运站)
随着社会的发展，行业竞争的日趋激烈，如何提高工作效率、降低管理成本、提高服务水平和企业的竞争能力，是每一个企业管理者最为关注的问题。越来越多的管理者认为实行计算机科学化管理是解决这一问题的关键。
物流运输企业由于行业特点，传统操作过程复杂，文件繁多，竞争日趋激烈。越来越多的信息问题涌现出来，例如：一方面，要不断开发客户市场，对客户的基本资料，货物分布情况、联系人的喜好及联系方式有较为全面的了解，另一方面，要作好财务的收付工作，确保运费能按时的收付，欠款一目了然，及时催缴。以往查阅厚厚的文件资料的做法，显然是不可取的。必须采取更有效的解决办法。同时收集处理信息的速度、信息的准确性、安全性，还影响到公司整体的管理水平和决策层对整体业务的控制和协调。采用计算机软件管理信息是解决上述问题的一个行之有效的办法。
物流管理软件，就是根据物流运输企业业务流程，将企业业务的各类数据联系起来，组成一个有机的系统，使得业务、财务、市场等方面的信息得以方便、快捷地传递，并经过综合处理生成各种报表送交给各个职能部门及决策层。应用物流管理软件系统不仅可以节省大量的人力，减少工作中的失误，对客户的询问可以迅速的从电脑中查询信息答复客户，而且可以帮助决策者及时调整公司经营策略，提高公司在同行业中的知名度，增强公司的竞争力。
过去物流管理着重在企业内部作业与组织的整合，对下游顾客的对应，是以服务与品质为主要重心。因此，评价物流的管理业绩和效果的准则，多半是以处理订单周期时间的速度，供货率及完成质量来量度。
随着物流业的发展，在供应链管理模式上增添新的内容，物流业出现了新的十大趋势。
（一）物流管理从物的处理，提升到物的加值方案设计、解决和管理上。可以为客户提供度身订造式的，并带有个性化的服务，企业逐渐转向强调跨企业界限的整合，使得顾客关系的维护与管理变得越来越重要。
（二）由对立转向联合。传统商业通道中，企业间多半以自我为中心，追求自我利益，因此往往造成企业间对立的局面。然而在追求更大竞争力的驱动下，许多企业开始在各个商业流通机能上整合，通过联合规划与作业，形成高度整合的供应链通道关系，使通道整体成绩和效果大幅提升。
（三）由预测转向终测。传统的流通模式通过预测下游通道的资源来进行各项物流作业活动，不幸的是预测很少会准确的，因而浪费了许多自然及商业资源。新兴的物流管理趋势是强调通道成员的联合机制，成员间愿意互换营运及策略的信息，尤其是内部需求及生产的资料，使得上游的企业无需去预测，流通模式是逐渐由预测基础转向终测基础发展。
（四）由经验积累转向变迁策略。一直以来经验曲线是企业用来分析市场竞争趋势及发展对应策略的方法，并以企业长年积累的经验作为主要竞争武器，然而科技的突飞进步，企业固守既有经验反而成为企业发展的障碍，因此在调度变化的环境下，经验及现存通道基础结构反变为最难克服的障碍，成功的企业要建立对策略方向的嗅觉和持续变迁管理体系才能生存。
（五）由绝对价值转向相对价值。传统财务评价只看一些绝对数值，新的评估方法将着重在相对价值的创造，亦即在通道中提供加值服务，顾客所增加的价值中企业可占多少比例。
（六）由功能整合转向程序整合。在竞争渠道日趋激烈的环境中，企业必须更快响应上、下游顾客的需要，因而必须有效整合各部门的营运，并以程序式的操作系统来动作，物流作业与活动多半具有跨功能，跨企业的特性，故程序式整合是物流管理成功的重点。
（七）由垂直整合转向虚拟整合。在传统渠道中，一些大企业进行通道的垂直整合，以期对通过掌握有更大的力量，事实证明这并不成功，反而分散了企业的资源，并将主业削弱。今日企业经营的趋势是专注核心业务，将非核心业务委托给专业管理公司去做，形成虚拟企业整合体系，使主体企业提供更好的产品及服务。
（八）由信息保留转向信息分享。在供应链管理结构下，供应链内相关企业必须将供应链整合所需的信息与其他企业分享，否则，无法形成有效的供应链体系。
（九）由训练转向知识学习。在可预见的未来，任何物流程序均以人力来完成。然而，物流作业多半需要在各个物流据点和运输网络中进行，大约有90%的时间，物流主管无法亲自加以监控。全球化的发展趋势，也增加了物流人力资源管理的复杂度。物流主管必须将以个别人员技能训练的方式，转向知识基础的学习发展。
（十）由管理会计转向价值管理。未来许多企业愿意投入许多资源建立基本会计系统，着重在提供增值创造，跨企业的管理信息，以期能确认可创造价值的作业，而非仅在于收益增加，成本升降上。
Along with society's development, the profession competition is day by day intense, how enhances the working efficiency, reces the management cost, the enhancement service level and enterprise's competitive ability, is each enterprise superintendent most matter of concern. More and more many superintendents thought the implementation computer scientific style management solves this question key.
The thing flows the transportation enterprise as a result of the profession characteristic, the tradition operating process complex, document many, the competition is day by day intense. The more and more many information question emerges, for example: On the one hand, must develop the customer market unceasingly, to the customer basic document, the cargo distribution situation, the contact person likes and the contact method has a more comprehensive understanding, on the other hand, must finish financial the receipts and disbursements work, guarantees the transport expense to be able on time receipts and disbursements, the debt to be clear, prompt press for payment. Formerly consulted the thick document material the procere, obviously was cannot be taken. Must adopt more effective solution. At the same time collects the process information the speed, the information accuracy, the security, but also affects the company whole management level and the decision-making strata to the overall service control and the coordination. Uses the computer software management information is solution above question effective means.
The thing class manages the software, is flows the transportation enterprise service flow according to the thing, according to relates the enterprise service various class numbers, composes an organic system, causes aspect the and so on service, finance, market information to be able to be convenient, to transmit quickly, and proces each kind of report form after synthesis processing to deliver for each function department and the decision-making strata. The appliance flows the management software system not only to be possible to save the massive manpower, reces in the work the fault, may be rapid to the customer inquiry inquires the information answer customer from the computer, moreover may help the policy-maker promptly to adjust the company to manage the strategy, enhances company's in same profession well-knownness, the enhancement company's competitive power.
In the past flowed the management emphatically in the enterprise interior work and organization's conformity, to the downriver customer's correspondence, was take serves and the quality as the main center of gravity. Therefore, the appraisal flows the management achievement and the effect criterion, is mostly by processes the order form period the speed, supplying goods rate and completes the quality to measure.
Along with the thing flowing instry development, increased the new content in the supply chain management pattern, thing flowing instry had the new ten major tendencies.
(1) thing flows the management from thing processing, promotes to in the thing Canadian value plan design, the solution and the management. May provides for the customer 度身订造 -like, and has the personalization the service, the enterprise graally changes emphasized the cross enterprise boundary the conformity, causes the maintenance and the management which the customer relates changes more and more importantly.
(2) changes the union by the opposition. In the traditional commercial channel, the enterprise mostly take as the center, pursues the self- benefit, therefore often makes the aspect which the enterprise opposes. However in under the pursue bigger competitive power actuation, many enterprises starts in each commercial circulation function the conformity, through the union plan and the work, forms highly the conformity supply chain channel relations, causes the channel overall result and the effect large promotion.
(3) changes the final survey by the forecast. The traditional circulation pattern carries on each thing through the forecast downriver channel resources to flow the work activity, unfortunately forecasts very little can accurate, thus has wasted many natures and the commercial resources. The emerging thing flows the management tendency is emphasized the channel member's union mechanism, between the member is willing to exchange transport business and the strategy information upstream, in particular internal demand and the proction material, causes the enterprise not to need to forecast, the circulation pattern changes the final survey foundation development graally by the forecast foundation.
(4) accumulates by the experience changes the vicissitude strategy. The empirical curve has since always been the enterprise uses for to analyze the market competition tendency and the development correspondence strategy method, and the experience which accumulates by the enterprise elders takes the main competition weapon, however the science and technology flies suddenly the progress, the enterprise defends stubbornly already has the experience instead to become the barrier which the enterprise develops, therefore in under the dispatch change environment, the experience and the extant channel foundation structure instead becomes the barrier which most difficult to overcome, the success enterprise must establish to the strategy direction sense of smell and continues the vicissitude management system to be able to survive.
(5) changes the relative value by the absolute value. The traditional finance appraisal will look only some absolute values, the new appraisal method emphatically in the relative value creation, that is will provide adds the value service in the channel, in the value which the customer will increase the enterprise may account for how many proportions.
(6) changes the procere conformity by the function conformity. In the competition channel intense environment, the enterprise must day by day in a quicker response, the downriver customer's need, thus must effective conformity various departments' transport business, and acts by the procere -like operating system, the thing flows the work and the activity has the cross function mostly, cross enterprise's characteristic, therefore the procere type conformity is the thing class manages the successful key point.
(7) changes the hypothesized conformity by the vertical conformity. In the traditional channel, some big enterprises carry on the channel the vertical conformity, to through grasps by the time has a bigger strength, the fact proved this is not successful, instead dispersed enterprise's resources, and weakens the principal work. Today the enterprise manages the tendency is dedicated nucleus □0 □$. The service, makes the non- core business request for the specialized management company, forms the hypothesized enterprise conformity system, causes the main body enterprise to provide a better proct and the service.
(8) changes the information share by the information retention. Under the supply chain management structure, supplies in the chain to be connected the enterprise to have to supply the information which the chain conformity needs to share with other enterprises, otherwise, is unable to form the effective supply chain system.
(9) changes the knowledge study by the training. In future which may foresee, any thing flows the procere to complete by the manpower. However, the thing flows the work to need to flow the foothold and in mostly the transportation network in each thing carries on, probably some 90% time, the thing flows the manager to be unable to perform to monitor personally. Globalization development tendency, also increased the thing to flow the human resources management the order of complexity. The thing flows the manager to have by the indivial personnel skill training way, changes the knowledge foundation the study development.
(10) changes the value management by management accounting. Future many enterprises will be willing to invest many resources establishments basic accountant the system, in will provide the increment creation emphatically, the cross enterprise's management information, by the time will be able the true approval creation value work, but must only will lie in the income to increase, in cost fluctuation.