㈠ ZARA為什麼會取得巨大成功,它的營銷模式是什麼
ZARA的成功有抄幾個因素:成本控制非常好襲,基本上全球采購。它沒有巨額的廣告費,而是通過鬧市區開店鋪加店外櫥窗展示來達到廣告效應。還有一點書上都沒提,就是他的款全是抄歐美大牌的款式。
你去書店,有賣zara的成功模式這本書的。
㈡ ZARA 國際營銷案例 15分全送了!
zara的產地遍布全球
㈢ 什麼樣的微博營銷才是成功的案例
我知道的來北京口碑互動(IWOM)營銷自策劃有限公司為青蛙王子做的微薄效果不錯。在這要想成為微博營銷成功案例需要注意的問題:
第一,不可以每天更新太多,基本上每個小時一條就可以。不要讓別人以為企業微博沒事就刷屏。第二,需要介紹和產品企業有關的東西。切不可隨便發內容,轉載內容。每一條微博都要有自己的目的。第三,切記不要不更新。第四,搞活動,一定要誠信。說到做到。多搞活動也可以增加粉絲。
㈣ 微博策劃方案
首先我復建議你們刷制普通粉絲,刷粉絲的好處就是粉絲越多排名越靠前 容易吸引更多真實粉絲關注你——然後產生互動! 要不然 人家刷幾十萬粉絲幹嘛對吧!2.接著刷優質粉絲蓋住普通粉絲。3.在微博上做些活動讓人轉發 提高曝光度。
㈤ 品牌營銷策略的案例分析
國內知名品牌營銷策劃機構品牌聯播把品牌營銷策略劃分為差異化、生動化和人性化三個方面。
差異化。這比較容易理解。我們認為,無論什麼性質的差異化,都要在盤活多種營銷資源的基礎上,充分考慮競爭者和顧客的因素。因為採取差異化策略的根本目的是營造比對手更強大的優勢,最大限度地贏得顧客的認同。從這個角度出發,我們對其的了解就比較清晰了,其形式包括:
定位差異化。主要包括品牌定位、行業角色(競爭導向)等。
執行差異化。主要包括消費者溝通模式差異化(需求導向)和營銷執行體系、機制、人員配置等差異化(競爭導向)。
個性差異化。主要包括產品包裝、附加服務、品牌個性差異(需求導向)以及品牌名稱、角色、賣點等差異化(競爭導向)。
生動化。動態品牌營銷所強調的生動化,指的是圍繞產品所展開的一切推廣手段、方法和模式都要從過分的商業促銷中走出來。從全民參與角度出發,強調趣味性、娛樂性和互動性,在活潑中融入個性,在輕松中吸引投入,同時,雙方保持協同一致與交流溝通中增加理解、友好等動態平衡元素。過去,許多企業打著讓利、惠民的旗號,動輒來個大手筆,什麼免費、贈送、大獎等等,名頭是很響,響應者卻寥寥無幾,即使是有人參與,也不外乎沖著你承諾的稍許好處,湊個熱鬧而已。對於產品品牌銷量的提升,除勞命傷財外,一無是處。相反的搞一些為大眾喜聞樂見的有意義的公益活動,大的不說,就說容易操作、小型多樣化的,比如有獎徵集與產品主題有關的廣告用語、徵文、書法作品、人生感言等等,反倒是可以快速提升產品的知名度與美譽度。以最小的代價獲得最大的效果。
人性化。動態品牌營銷強調產品營銷要自始自終圍繞人性和親情這一主題來開展,變「請進來」為「走出去」。以往的企業也常號稱售後服務,定期跟蹤定期回訪,但是,象這種隔著條電話線的溝通方式,遠遠滿足不了消費者越來越挑剔的消費心理,也很難達到雙方信息接受和反饋上的動態平衡,而走進消費者身邊傾聽消費者心聲,為其提供心貼心的親情化溝通,不僅滿足了消費者的心理需求,同時更滿足了消費者的精神需求,一旦這兩方面都得到了平衡和滿足。還擔心消費者不成為產品的忠誠客戶嗎?
五糧液,一個有著二十幾年歷史的酒企慢慢成長為中國酒企的「巨無霸」,無疑是明確、清晰、准確、有力的戰略在發揮作用。通過觀察和分析五糧液的營銷戰略,品牌戰略,可以從中看到三個層次:
基礎層面:品質戰略。這是五糧液一貫堅持的基本戰略,正是得益於這一品質的堅持,穩固和不斷提升,支撐起了五糧液的後續戰略動作;
市場層面:品牌開發戰略。中國市場大,區域發展不平衡是有目共睹的。大量開發品牌,既可以佔有市場份額,擴大市場范圍,也是傳播核心品牌價值的進攻性戰略——從這個層面上甚至可以理解為:絕大部份的五糧液子品牌,都是五糧液的「活廣告」:企業品牌開發經營能夠既有現實意義上的收益,又能傳播品牌價值,提升品牌無形資產,這樣的戰略極富創意,也極具攻擊力;
品牌層面:從品牌傳播和管理上,五糧液的廣告創意雖然只停留在樹立企業形象階段,沒有新鮮動人的品牌價值主張,然而就是這種「綜合性」傳播,把「基礎戰略」和「品牌開發戰略」統率在企業形象傳播的「大旗之下,因此,五糧液的品牌價值力量空前強大。
作為「品牌開發」的戰略領先者,五糧液獲得了強勁的成長力量。而其他名酒企業的品牌「品牌開發」的跟風、追隨卻讓自己陷入了尷尬的局面。一方面,跟隨五糧液進行品牌開發的酒企喪失了自身的戰略特點,喪失了產品、品牌所獨有的價值;另一方面跟隨戰略開發出的來的「子品牌」,沒有一個能達到五糧液的「子品牌」的經營高度。
可見,此種方式似乎不能讓酒企走得更遠,找到自己的品牌營銷戰略已是迫在眉睫。
在實際運用中,動態品牌營銷不僅僅是酒企通過差異化來建構自身的內在核心競爭體系,更要通過外在層面的生動化和人性化來展示和延伸產品的附加值和文化內涵上的情感效應,同時內外之間達到雙方認可的統一平衡,拓寬生存空間才有可能。我們知道營銷是一種行為過程,它需要通過執行來演繹效果,只有不斷在動態互換中才能真正實現效率和效益的雙豐收。
㈥ zara的市場營銷策略的英文文獻
這些都是國外網站上的,沒有中文翻譯的,看不懂的話試試翻譯器,查查字典什麼的,我要是給你翻譯怕誤導你。
Zara: Cool Clothes Now, Not Later
Ask any urban European female under the age of 30 and chances are she has shopped at Zara, the clothier whose inexpensive but stylish offerings have attracted a cult following. Zara also sells men』s fashions, again aimed at the stylish and youthful.
Mathieu Soto, a college tennis player from France with dark eyes and devastating good looks, was asked to compare Zara to The Gap, the U.S. - based clothing giant with a major presence in Europe. His response: 「I don』t know. I』ve never shopped at The Gap.」
Most U.S. young alts have never shopped at Zara, but that seems likely to change in the near future. In the past five years Zara has grown from 179 stores mostly in Spain to 450 stores in 29 countries including the United States and Canada. Zara now has stores in New York, New Jersey, Miami, and Toronto—with more on the way.
While Zara is unlikely to displace The Gap in the U.S. market, they are certain to offer U.S. consumers an option previously unavailable to them. They have a sound if unusual marketing strategy in which logistics plays an important role. Logistics also plays an important role in Zara』s growth plans, notably its expansion into the U.S. market.
Zara』s Marketing Strategy
Zara』s marketing strategy focuses on proct variety, speed-to-market, and store location. It is also notable for what it excludes. Zara does not advertise in the traditional sense. If you want to find out what』s currently available at the Zara stores you have two options: go to the web site or go to the store. Zara puts 10,000 different items on the store shelves in a single year. It can take a new style from concept to store shelf in 10-14 days in an instry where nine months is the norm. In its primary European markets, Zara locates its stores close together. Visitors comment that Zara in Madrid is like Starbucks in a major U.S. city—you see another store on every street corner.
Zara』s Toronto store is located just north of the center of downtown in a major shopping district dense with malls and lined with stand-alone stores and giant office buildings. The potential for intense competition is clear.
「These office buildings are full of the people we want as customers. We want them to stop in at lunch or after work. We want to see them often, so we have to change what we have on the shelves,」 said Zara』s Toronto store manager. 「They could shop in a lot of other stores, so we have to make it worth their time to come here.」
This also helps explain why the company does not advertise. If a Zara customer wants to know what Zara has, he or she must go to the store. The stock changes often, with most items staying on the shelf for only a month, so the customer often finds something new and appealing. By the same token, if the customer finds nothing to buy this visit, the store』s regular customers know that tomorrow or next week—sometime soon—new goods will be on Zara』s shelves. That makes it worth another visit.
Zara relies heavily on store employees for market information. If a customer looks at a sweater and comments, 「That would look really nice with a cowl collar,」 an employee can relay that information to Spain where managers decide whether or not to proce the suggested item. If they decide to make it, they can put it on the shelf in Toronto in two weeks or less, partly because they ship by air. Ocean shipping would add at least another ten days to the time it takes to get the proct in front of the customer, undermining the speed-to-market and proct variety strategy.
The Role of Logistics
Putting the variety of goods on the shelves in Toronto and other North American stores requires an unusual, though not unique, logistics strategy for the fashion instry. Zara air expresses goods from its single distribution center in Spain, usually in small quantities. In the 1970』s, The Limited used a similar strategy to support its test marketing, air expressing small quantities of new styles from Asia to U.S. stores. In Zara』s strategy, however, the speedy shipments are part of the core strategy, not just test marketing. Zara also ships frequently, allowing lower inventories while serving its multinational market from a single distribution center in Spain.
「We receive shipments o n Tuesday and Saturday, which means that we have different items in the store at least twice a week. While each shipment replenishes items that sell well, each also includes new items. That』s why our customers come in often,」 the Toronto store manager said. 「We might get ten of one item and five of another. We』re constantly testing.」
The density of Zara』s store locations in Europe helps achieve logistics efficiencies. They can fill trucks for frequent shipment in markets close to proction and ship larger quantities by air to more distant stores. Zara keeps transportation costs low on the supply side, since most of the proction takes place in Spain. This contrasts radically to most large fashion manufacturers, which rely on low cost manufacturing in Asia and South America, but then pay higher inventory costs and move goods to market more slowly.
The air express strategy also allows Zara to maintain a multinational market presence with only one distribution center. They trade higher transportation costs for lower warehousing and inventory costs. Add to this the idea that fast transportation
supports the proct-innovation strategy that is the heart of Zara』s marketing, and the importance of logistics in Zara』s marketing strategy is clear.
The Results and the Future
Zara』s parent company, Inditex, reached $2.7 billion in 2001 revenue. This made it the fastest growing clothing manufacturer in the world. Zara, Inditex』s fastest growing division, turns its inventory twice as fast as major competitors, with an inventory-to-sales of 7% compared to an instry average of 14%. Their profitability in European operations (15%) is fifty percent higher than that of its major competitors. Zara manufactures 80% of its clothing in Europe, with most of the remaining 20% is sourced in Mexico.
While top managers are understandably closed-mouthed about their plans, Zara seems ideally positioned to penetrate the U.S. market in a major way. With some manufacturing already in Mexico, they could easily open a second distribution center aimed directly at the U.S. market. This would make their youth-oriented styles widely available in the world』s most lucrative market.
Question 1 – Zara』s Business Model and Competitive Analysis
Zara, the most profitable brand of Inditex SA, the Spanish clothing retail group, opened its first store in 1975 in La Coruña, Spain; a city which eventually became the central headquarters for Zara』s global operations. Since then they have expanded operations into 45 countries with 531 stores located in the most important shopping districts of more than 400 cities in Europe, the Americas, Asia and Africa. Throughout this expansion Zara has remained focused on its core fashion philosophy that creativity and quality design together with a rapid response to market demands will yield profitable results. In order to realized these results Zara developed a business model that incorporated the following three goals for operations: develop a system the requires short lead times, decrease quantities proced to decrease inventory risk, and increase the number of available styles and/or choice. These goals helped to formulate a unique value proposition: to combine moderate prices with the ability to offer new clothing styles faster than its competitors. These three goals helped to shape Zara』s current business model.
Zara』s Business Model
Zara』s business model can be broken down into three basic components: concept, capabilities, and value drivers. Zara』s fundamental concept is to maintain design, proction, and distribution processes that will enable Zara to respond quickly to shifts in consumer demands. José María Castellano, CEO of Inditex stated that "the fashion world is in constant flux and is driven not by supply but by customer demand. We need to give consumers what they want, and if I go to South America or Asia to make clothes, I simply can't move fast enough." This highlights the importance of this quick response time to Zara』s operations.
Capabilities of Zara, or the required resources needed to exploit the opportunities and execute this conceptual strategy, are numerous for Zara. Zara maintains tight control over their proction processes keeping design and manufacturing in-house or with some strategic partnerships located nearby Headquarters. Currently, Zara maintains 80% of its proction processes in Europe, 50% in Spain which is very close to La Coruña headquarters. They have strategic agreements with local manufacturers that ensure timely delivery and service. Through these strategic partnerships and the benefits brought by this proximity of manufacturing and operational processes, Zara maintains the flexibility necessary to design and proce over 12000 new items annually. This capability allows Zara to achieve their strategy of expedited response to consumer demand.
Value drivers for Zara are both tangible and intangible in the benefits that are returned to all stakeholders. Tangibly, Inditex, the parent company of Zara, has 11.02% net margin on operations and their market capitalization (Equity – market value) is