1. What is the popular definition of culture Where does culture come from国际市场营销英文论述题
Popular culture -the opposite of high cultural art forms. popular culture includes many forms of cultural communication including newspapers, television, advertising, comics, pop music, radio, cheap novels, movies, jazz, etc.
(大众/
)，是相对复于高制雅文化艺术而言的。它包括许多形式，包括报纸，电视，广告，漫画，
，收音机，廉价小说，电影，
等。
英文资料找的，我亲自翻译了，全在这了，希望能够帮助到您。
2. 天津国际市场营销(英文)怎么复习
课程名称：国际市场营销学 （英语）
课程代码：3273
第一部分 课程性质与设置目的
一、 课程性质与特点
国际市场营销学是为高等教育自学考试商务英语（本科）以及相关专业学生所开设的专业课程之一。 国际市场营销学是一门理论联系实际且应用性较强的课程。本课程采用英语教材，通过多媒体手段进行教学，辅助以案例教学（Power Point, Video cases, etc）。学好国际市场营销学要求学生有足够的经贸基础知识准备和较高的专业英语水平。
本课程旨在培养本专业学生掌握国际市场营销领域中的相关重要理论知识、概念和国际惯例，以便使学生在将来的国际经贸活动中具有必备的国际市场营销方面的知识和技能，更好地与国际接轨。
二、 课程设置的目的和要求
本课程设置的目的是培养学生牢固掌握国际市场营销领域中的基本概念、相关重要理论、基本原理和国际通行的惯例，从而使学生在将来的国际营销和国际经贸活动中具有必备的国际市场营销理论知识和技能，做到学以致用，更好地与国际接轨。
三、 与本科其他专业课程的关系
《国际市场营销学》是商务英语、市场营销等专业大学本科学生高年级的必修课程，它与本专业的许多其他课程有着密切的关系。《市场营销》、《微观经济学》、《宏观经济学》、《国际贸易》和《市场调研与预测》是本课程的基础。要学好《国际市场营销学》还要求学生有较高的专业英语水平。
第二部分 课程内容与考核目标
Chapter 1 Scope of international marketing strategy
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章是对国际市场营销战略的概括介绍。通过本章学习，帮助学生了解国际市场营销的概念，进入国际市场的战略方法，以及影响国际营销的环境因素等，从而形成对国际市场营销的基本认识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Strategic approaches to international markets (一般)
2. International marketing strategy (重点)
识记：Definition of international marketing
理解：Generic international marketing strategies
3. Standardization or customization (次重点)
识记：Definition of standardization and customization
理解：Implications of standardizing strategy
Strategic differentiation in the international firm
4. International marketing environment （次重点）
识记：International marketing environment
General objectives and targets a company may set
理解：Reasons for international market fragmentation
5. Understanding international marketing : a frame work (一般)
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章介绍了一些与国际市场营销有关的理论。通过本章的学习帮助学生了解全球经济中国际营销的进程，以及如何通过建立适当的管理框架来实现国际市场营销决策。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Theory and practice of international marketing (一般)
2. Managerial theory of international marketing （重点）
识记：Major participant groups in international marketing system
理解：Orientation of the company in the business system
A framework for international marketing
3. Trade and transaction costs（次重点）
理解：Absolute advantage and the international firm
Comparative advantage and the international firm
4. Nature of the international firm (一般)
Chapter 3 Company resources and capabilities
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章主要介绍对公司的资源审核以及自我评估方面的知识。通过本章的学习，学生应当能够描述进行国际营销的公司所具备的特征，了解公司在国际市场上进行营销所应采取的规模、经营范围、技术水平及产品范围等方面的知识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Characteristics of the international firm(重点)
识记：Access to resources
理解：Size of the firm in international markets
Location of the firm
Technology and innovation
Proct range in the firm
2. Management of the international firm(次重点)
理解：Key factors for successful management of the international firms
3. Company resources in the business system(一般)
理解：Managing costs and prices in international markets
Proct-market and business system resource allocation
Resource allocation in international markets
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章阐述了国际营销所必然面临的竞争问题。通过本章的学习，要求学生掌握公司如何参与国际市场竞争，如何分析国际市场竞争环境，以及公司应如何发展自身的竞争优势等方面的知识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Meaning of international competition(重点)
识记：Competitiveness
理解：Competitor orientation in international markets
应用：Establishing competitive positions in international markets
理解：Determinants of competitiveness in international markets
Measuring competitiveness in the firm
2. Understanding competitors in international markets（次重点）
理解：Competitor objectives, future goals and assumptions
Review of competitor strategies
Competitor organization and corporate culture
Evaluating competitive strengths
识记；Motives associated with unique capabilities
Chapter 5 Culture, values and technology
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章介绍了文化因素，价值观及技术在国际营销中的重要作用。通过本章学习帮助学生了解文化的主要特征及组成要素，了解宗教、价值观在不同国家的影响，以及不同的社会结构对国际化的影响。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Influence of culture in international marketing (次重点)
识记：Definition of culture
2. Cultural determinants of marketing behavior in the international firm （重点）
识记：The cultural environment
理解：Behavioral attributes
Role of human values and attitudes
Demographic factors
应用：Characteristics of culture
理解：Special position of languages
Material culture and the international firm
3. Analysis of culture influence （一般）
理解：Influences within cultures
Context of cross-cultural relationships
Influences among cultures
Influence of culture on consumer behavior
Chapter 6 Political economy and created advantage
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
通过本章学习帮助学生了解市场一体化及全球贸易的重要意义，正确评价世界贸易组织对市场及国际贸易发展所做出的贡献，并且了解一些主要的区域贸易联盟。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Impact of market integration（次重点）
理解：Influence on the international firm
Concept of free trade
Developments in instrial markets
Position of developing countries
2. Challenge of open markets (一般)
理解：Two major factors in the international marketing environment
Created assets in international markets
3. Comparative advantage and competitive advantage (重点)
识记：Competitiveness
Distinction between comparative advantage and competitive advantage
理解：Country and company competitiveness
Labor proctivity and wealth
4. Phenomenon of emerging markets (一般)
5. Instrial and commercial policy （次重点）
理解：Creating competitive advantage in integrated markets
Invisible hand or direct intervention
Dynamic comparative advantage
Chapter 7 Public policy risk and regulation
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章介绍了进行国际经营的公司所面临的政治环境风险。通过本章的学习，帮助学生了解政治的不稳定性对国际竞争的影响，了解政府条例对国际商务的影响及如何应对等方面的知识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Public policy environment of international marketing (重点)
识记：Role of government
理解：Risk and uncertainty in international markets
应用：Common political risks
理解：Analysis of political environment
2. Regulating international transfers （次重点）
理解：Regulating transfers of procts and services
Regulating money transfers
Regulating people transfers
Regulating technology transfers
Importance of exchange rate stability
识记：Functions of the World Trade Organization
3. International legal framework （一般）
理解：Proct quality standards
Major world legal systems
Legal aspects of marketing claims
PART III STRATEGIC CHALLENGE OF IM ENTRY
Chapter 13 Market entry – exporting
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
出口是进入国外市场最便捷的方式。通过本章学习，学生应了解出口的性质及影响公司做出出口决策的因素，并掌握如何对与出口相关的费用做出正确评价。
二、 考核知识点与考核目标
1. Nature of exporting （重点）
识记：Reasons for export
Exporting and commitment to internationalization
2. Determinants of export behavior（一般）
理解：Experience and uncertainty effects
Acquiring knowledge of export markets
3. Export decision process（一般）
理解：Behavioral and firm-specific influences
4. Model of the export decision process（次重点）
应用：Factors influence export commitment
理解：Size of firm and exporting activity
Export marketing groups
6. Cost and competitiveness of exporting （一般）
理解：Cost factors of exporting
Chapter 14 Market entry – strategic alliances
一、学习目的和要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
战略联盟（同盟）是公司进入国际市场进行竞争的手段之一。通过本章学习，学生应了解战略联盟的性质，各种可供选择的联盟方式，以及使用该手段的优缺点等方面的知识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Nature of strategic alliances （次重点）
理解：Nature of strategic alliances
Basis for a strategic alliance
2. Marketing partnership agreements（一般）
3. Licensing to enter international markets （重点）
识记：Licensing
理解：Benefits of licensing
Impact of licensing on cash flow
Prerequisites of successful licensing
4. Franchising to enter international markets （重点）
识记：Franchising
理解：Nature of franchising
Attraction of franchising as mode of entry
5. Joint ventures to enter international markets （重点）
识记：Definition of joint venture
Benefits of international joint ventures
理解：Access to resources and markets
Joint venture and host country policies
Stability of international joint ventures
Conditions for joint venture success
6. Selecting a partner for a strategic alliance （一般）
理解：Assessing potential partners in an international joint venture
7. Evaluation of strategic alliances （一般）
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
本章继续介绍进入国际市场的其它途径，如收购和直接投资。通过本章学习，学生应深入理解通过收购和直接投资进入国际市场的动机、具体操作办法及其对这两种途径的评估。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Obtaining locational advantage （一般）
2. Acquisition （重点）
识记：Advantages and disadvantages of acquisition
理解：Nature of foreign acquisitions
Public policy and cross-border acquisition
3. Foreign direct investment （重点）
识记：Definition of foreign direct investment
Determinants of foreign direct investment location
理解：Three sets of criteria in making a location decision
4. Motives for foreign direct investment （次重点）
识记：Reasons for foreign direct investment
理解：Managerial motives for foreign direct investment
Operating efficiency and risk rection
Market development and government policy
5. Evaluation of new foreign ventures and acquisitions （一般）
应用：Comparison of acquisitions and new ventures
理解：Management view of foreign direct investment
Chapter 16 Market entry – a strategic approach
一、学习目的与要求 (Learning Objectives and Requirements)
通过本章学习，将深入理解、掌握进入国际市场的战略途径，影响国际市场进入决策的因素，以及具体做法等方面的知识。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
1. Dynamics of international market entry（一般）
2. International market entry – concept and modes （次重点）
理解：Appropriate market entry mode
Choosing the entry mode
3. Framework for international market entry （重点）
识记：Market concentration and market diversification
理解：Market entry strategy and competition
Linking market strategy, complexity and entry
4. Selecting mode of international market entry（一般）
理解：Entering new international proct-market
Choosing an entry mode for services
5. Sequencing international market entry（一般）
3. 商务英语 国际市场营销题目帮我回答一下呗！
此题目是用市场细分的角度分析麦当劳在中国发展潜力的评估。
From my personal perspective, McDonald's offers more opportunities in China for future growth than the US.The reason can be as follows: First, China is a country with more than ten billion people, which means there's a great potential in market share taking in China than in the US. Second, with the rapid development of China's economic development, more and more family are able to offer a family meal in McDonald's. Third, Chinese people are getting used to foreign culture. Fast food culture is no longer a fresh word to the US, but still in China, many kids still are the potential customers. On the contary, the US has already got a steady development.
祝你学习进步，更上一层楼！
不明白及时追问，满意敬请采纳，O(∩_∩)O谢谢~~
4. 求世界市场行情和国际市场营销学的名词解释和简答题以及论述题，嘿~谢谢
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