Ⅰ 求4C營銷理論和案例
4C營銷理論
進入21世紀以來,中國的房地產業飛速發展,房地產總體規模不斷擴大。房地產企業為了在日趨激烈的市場競爭中獲勝,不斷將新的營銷理念引入房地產營銷中。
在早期房地產營銷活動中,使用4P理論運作房地產營銷組合較為普遍。這一傳統理論認為,市場營銷組合是由產品(Proct)、價格(Price)、銷售渠道(Place)、促銷(Promotion)組成。4P理論以產品為出發點,是一種由內向外的營銷。隨著房地產市場確立為買方市場,消費者在營銷中主導地位越加明顯,營銷環境的變化使得一些新的問題被納入了營銷策略需要考慮的范疇。例如:如何建立網路營銷系統方便消費者表達購買的需求、獲取售後服務;如何滿足消費者期望的成本;如何與消費者進行方便、快捷和友好的溝通等。相對於產品為導向的4P模式,以消費者為導向的4C模式有了更大的發展空間。
4C即消費者的慾望和需求(Consumers wants and needs)、消費者獲取滿足的成本(Cost to satisfy wants and needs)、消費者購買的方便性(Convenience to buy)和溝通(Communication)。4C理論是對4P理論的補充與完善,滿足消費者的「需要和欲求」取代了4P的「產品」,消費者可以承受的商品「成本」代替了4P中的「價格」;向消費者提供的「便利性」覆蓋了商品的銷售「渠道」;而與「促銷」相對應的是雙方有效「溝通」。4C理論更重視顧客導向,以追求顧客滿意為目標,這是消費者在營銷中越來越居主動地位的市場對企業的必然要求。
吉安市住宅房地產市場的營銷環境
吉安市位處江西省中部、贛江中游,東連江浙滬,南接閩粵港澳,西與湘桂接壤,北與長江三角洲為鄰,是一座青山綠水互相輝映的濱江花園城市。作為三線城市,吉安2002年以前為典型的單商業經濟發展小城市,隨著房地產的發展,城市規模不斷擴大,多元化發展模式正在逐步形成,房地產已經成為當地的支柱產業。縱觀吉安市住宅市場形成,大致可分為三個階段:1995年~1997年的第一階段,產品多為粗放型;1998年~2000年形成的住宅市場初期,屬於第二代產品階段;2001年~2004年進入發展期,屬於第三代產品時代,吉安房地產進入全新發展階段——大盤時代。房地產價格發展明顯呈上升趨勢:商品房每平方米均價從2001年的700元、2002年的800元到2003年的920元~1000元左右,2004年~2006年達到1300元~1400元。
吉安房地產市場由於起步晚,起點低,受老百姓購買力普遍低弱的制約及當地地產產品形式落後的影響,整個行業仍處於較低水平,大多數開發商經營理念較為保守和滯後。前幾年的開發項目多注重產品的第一要素即居住功能,對住宅地產的養生、園林、景觀、社區配套、戶型、建築材料、規劃等表現力明顯不足。隨著經濟發展及人們生活水平的提高,對住宅生活的要求也隨之提高,加上外地地產軍團的不斷湧入,吉安房地產市場才在「外憂內患」的雙層環境下有所提高,開始注重產品品質的開發和市場的推廣。縱向比較而言,現在的地產開發在諸多方面已經取得了很大的進步和發展,房地產商已經開始運用規范、科學的房地產營銷組合模式並取得了初步成功。
三、4C理論在吉安市住宅房地產市場營銷中的應用
針對吉安市住宅房地產發展的現狀,利用4C理論,分析消費者的需求,對產品進行合理的定位,提供良好的服務,建立良好順暢的溝通渠道,無疑將成為房地產企業在吉安市成功營銷的關鍵因素,也將為同類城市的房地產營銷提供借鑒。
1.基於消費者需求的住宅商品定位
如今的消費者需求已呈現出多樣化趨勢,吉安市也不例外。房屋購買者希望所購房屋能使自己得到最大限度的滿足。
Ⅱ 4c營銷實戰舉例 誰知道4c的實戰案了例,越多越好!
在人類社會中有兩樣很重要的東西:價值與利益。這兩樣東西就好比是兩兄弟如影隨形。價值是為了長期的利益,利益是價值的現實體現。但是有價值不一定有現實的利益,有利益的可能毫無價值。有這樣的一個比方:有一個貪官四年掙了二千萬,可謂利益大大但毫無價值。有一個清官病死在任上,兩袖清風,毫無利益可言,但他有很高的社會價值。一個成功的商人,創建了一個四百年的品牌,倡導公益誠信,既有價值又有利益。
和價值與利益密切相關的有兩個主要活動:營銷與銷售。營銷是與價值相關的活動,通過提出價值承諾與構建品牌等活動實現企業及消費者的長期價值;銷售是人與人之間的交換活動,是與利益相關的活動,通常通過提供與利益相關的解決方案來實現短期利益。若要實現長期的投資績效僅有營銷或銷售都是不夠的,關注兩者的關系,使之有效契合是關鍵。
在營銷活動中品牌是唯一的可以之傳承價值的記憶標識系統,是營銷活動的主要結果。但是,經研究發現:目前的中國沒有什麼品牌。也就是說目前的中國很少有稱得上營銷的活動。為什麼呢?因為品牌是一個價值的標識符,其要求有明確的投資主體,明確的價值受眾,及很強社會性,即所謂的「眼中有人民」。不然的話,只是產品的商業化,只是一個大個的商標而已。
舉例:中國目前的經濟究其實實質還是以國有經濟,政府經濟為主導的。國有經濟的代表企業就是國資委旗下的189個企業,政府經濟的代表就是我們的各級政府,他們掌握著中國經濟的根本資源與政策。這些經濟的領軍人物,首先是政治家其次才可能是企業家,營銷專家,或者還僅僅是政治家。他們不是真真社會價值的持有者,也不是品牌的持有者,他們是人民委託的CEO。對他們的考績系統、他們的有限任期決定了他們更多的以追求利益為其事業的使命(自從國家提出三個代表之後,尤其在新一界政府上任以後這種情況正在逐步扭轉)。所以,在經濟主流力量的影響下,包括各種社會經濟成分在內的各種利益體正流行著一股利益之風——營銷大躍進。
前幾年中國為什麼有近乎失去理智的價格戰。原因不外乎兩個方面:其一:那些企業的領導者終於學了一些新知識想一展身手;其二:發動價格大戰的往往是國有企業尤其是大型國有企業,因為產業是人民的,所以一部分領導者一時興起,反正賠了錢有不是自己辛苦掙來的。
有媒體宣稱中國有5000萬營銷人員,那完全是對營銷的誤解,營銷大躍進的產物。似乎只要和商業行為沾邊的都可以冠之以「營銷」的頭銜。我們曾經問過所能接觸到的資深高級銷售經理「什麼是銷售?」。起先所有人都認為這是一個羞辱他們的問題,但最後很少人能回答什麼是銷售。連銷售都不知道更談何營銷。就算是一些所謂的營銷人員除了販賣幾個P,幾個C什麼的之外根本就不知道消費者在哪裡?他們在想些什麼?
Ⅲ 求關於4C營銷理論運用於經濟型連鎖賓館中運用的案例啊,急!!!!!
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Ⅳ 求4C營銷理論和案例
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Ⅳ 4C營銷理論及其應用研究
4Cs營銷理論的內容
4C分別指代Customer(顧客)、Cost(成本)、Convenience(便利)和Communication(溝通)。
Ⅵ 4C營銷理論及企業應用研究 論文寫作 請給我一些思路和文獻參考
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Ⅶ 什麼是4C營銷理論
4C營銷理論是是以舒爾茨為首的一批營銷學家提出的網路市場營銷理論,是網路營銷的理論基礎。
4C分別代表:
1、慾望和需求(Customer's Wants and Needs)
零售企業直接面向消費者,因而更應該考慮消費者的需要和慾望,建立以顧客為中心的零售觀念,將「以顧客為中心」作為一條紅線,貫穿於市場營銷活動的整個過程。零售企業應站在顧客的立場上,幫助顧客組織挑選商品貨源;按照顧客的需要及購買行為的要求,組織商品銷售;研究顧客的購買行為,更好地滿足顧客的需要;更注重對顧客提供優質的服務。
2、滿足慾望和需求的成本(Cost to Satisfy Wants and Needs)
顧客在購買某一商品時,除耗費一定的資金外,還要耗費一定的時間、精力和體力,這些構成了顧客的總成本。由於顧客在購買商品時總希望把有關成本如貨幣、時間、精神和體力等降到最低限度,以使自己得到最大限度的滿足,因此,零售企業必須考慮顧客為滿足需求而願意支付的「顧客總成本」,並努力降低顧客購買的總成本。
3、方便購買(Convenience to Buy)
最大程度地為消費者提供便利,是目前處於過度競爭狀況的零售企業應該認真思考的問題。如上所述,零售企業在選擇地理位置時,應考慮地區抉擇、區域抉擇、地點抉擇等因素,尤其應考慮「消費者的易接近性」這一因素,使消費者容易到達商店。即使是遠程的消費者,也能通過便利的交通接近商店。同時,在商店的設計和布局上要考慮方便消費者進出、上下,方便消費者參觀、瀏覽、挑選,方便消費者付款結算等等。
4、溝通(Communication)
零售企業為了創立競爭優勢,必須不斷地與消費者溝通,包括向消費者提供有關商店地點、商品、服務、價格等方面的信息,影響消費者的態度與偏好、說服消費者光顧商店、購買商品,在消費者的心目中樹立良好的企業形象等。
4C營銷理論不足之處,主要是:
1、4C營銷理論是顧客導向,而市場經濟要求的是競爭導向。
2、4C營銷理論雖然已融入營銷策略和行為中,但企業營銷又會在新的層次上同一化。
3、4C營銷理論以顧客需求為導向,但顧客需求有個合理性問題。
4、4C營銷理論仍然沒有體現既贏得客戶,又長期地擁有客戶的關系營銷思想。沒有解決滿足顧客需求的操作性問題。
5、4C營銷理論總體上雖是4Ps的轉化和發展,但被動適應顧客需求的色彩較濃。
網路:4C營銷理論
Ⅷ 市場營銷的經典理論4p理論和4c理論都是什麼
4P營銷理論被歸結復為四個基本制策略的組合,即產品(Proct)、價格(Price)、渠道(Place)、促銷(Promotion),由於這四個詞的英文字頭都是P,再加上策略(Strategy),所以簡稱為"4P's"
4Cs分別指代Customer(顧客)、Cost(成本)、Convenience(便利)和Communication(溝通)。