① 求商務英語論文（英文論文）一篇
Derivatives, as financial instruments, have gained an increasingly important role to the financial status of big companies around the globe. Their importance can be primarily illustrated by the huge development of the derivatives exchange markets in the most developed countries, with banks usually being at the centre of trading of these powerful financial tools. The very essence of their importance lies to the fact that companies can use them to rece uncertainty or risk that stems from entrepreneurial activities. Financial managers use derivatives to understand the risks that their firms are exposed to daily and thus are able to pursue higher returns, given the fact that higher returns impose higher risks. The management of high risks enables companies to rece the danger of financial losses and in the same time achieve higher returns. The extended use of derivatives can also attribute further benefits to the financial position of firms by improving several other corporate actions like cheaper borrowing, tax planning and ensuring safer loan payback. However, derivatives』 trading has been a cause for huge corporate losses for many companies, the financial management of which ignored the high risks involved in the use of those financial instruments. This essay will attempt to examine the ways in which companies can use derivatives to modify their financial position.
A derivative (or derivative security) can be defined as a tradable asset whose intrinsic value depends on or derives from the value of an underlying asset (like shares or bonds), a commodity (like oil or gold) or an abstract measure (like interest rates or indexes). This dependency of the derivatives』 value is the reason why they are also called contingent claims. This last definition of derivatives describes accurately their nature of being an exercisable right or obligation rather than a tradable good. This right or obligation is the exact legal contract that acquires value like a real asset, and therefore can be traded. People have implemented derivatives, as legal contracts, since ancient times, although their systematic use and trading began in the late nineteenth century. However, the past thirty years witnessed a massive growth in the volume of derivatives』 trading. Nowadays, derivative markets account for a significant amount of the world financial exchange system, and their types and use keeps developing and adapting to the different financial needs of the various instries. Common types of derivatives are options, futures, forwards, forward rate agreements and swaps, while other less common types are caps, floors, exotic options, Over-The Counter (OTCs) and exchange-traded derivatives. A brief description of the most common derivatives is given below.
An option is a contractual agreement that the gives the right and not the obligation in one party to buy or sell an underlying commodity or asset at a given price anytime ring a pre-specified period of time. At the end of the pre-specified period this right can be exercised or not, according to the option』s holder needs, thus the name of the derivative. If an option gives the buyer the right to purchase an asset (a number of shares for example) at a given price ring a time period, this option is called call option. By the end of the period the right expires and after that date the option loses its value. On the contrary, if a similar contract gives the buyer the right to sell an asset (at an agreed price and up to a given date), it is then called put option. Call and Put options enable their holders to make profits, recing the uncertainty of the future value of the underlying asset because they can be tradable at any time before the expiry date. If the underlying asset is a share index like FTSE 100, S&P 500 etc. then the purchased right is called index option.
Futures are also contractual agreements between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specific time and a pre-specified price. However, a future represents an obligation, not a right, to proceed in the specific transaction, thus neither of the two parties can back away once the agreement is made (or the future is purchased). Thus a holder of a future buys the obligation of the other party and not the right, as in options. However, futures are tradable derivatives and are exchanged in a regulated market, like options. This characteristic allows their holders to change their position, according to the change of the underlying asset value through time before the date of the contracted transaction. However, they are very standardised and so they might not be very attractive to companies with specific financial needs. A future having as underlying asset the short-term interest rate of a currency deposit in a foreign bank is called interest rate future.
On the other hand, forwards are similar agreements to futures in the sense that they both represent obligation of the contracted parts to proceed to a transaction of an agreed price at a specified date. However, forwards are not standardised contracts that can be traded in exchanges, but are tailored-to-need agreements for the specific clients and are usually available over-the-counter (for instance between a bank and the purchaser). Foreign exchange is the one of the most important underlying assets that forwards are used for, providing special trading markets for currencies. Fluctuating interest rates of different currencies create uncertainty for the future repayment of loans obtained with flexible rates. For this reason, forward rate agreements (FRAs) can be made between banks and companies, which assure that they will receive a premium from the banks if the floating rates associated with the re-payment of their loans exceeds a pre-specified amount. FRAs are also tradable, and usually are contracted for short time periods, varying from 3, 6 or 12 months.
The exact way in which loans are re-paid as related to floating interest rates created the need for swaps. Swaps are private contracts between companies to exchange interest payment obligations to banks. Under a swap arrangement, companies might be able to mutually devise loan repayments that are cheaper for both parts. Swaps, unlike FRAs, are commonly negotiated for longer periods and can be contracted and traded in similar ways to options.
From the above description of the most common derivatives, it is clear that companies have a powerful toolbox of financial instruments that can be implemented to improve their financial position. The most predominant objective of their use is the mitigation of uncertainty, with regards to future values of assets or commodities. This practice is known as hedging of risk. Hedging can be done with options. If for example a pharmaceutical company announces that in 6 months they might have a cure for cancer, the share price will go sky-high, however the financial managers might be concerned of a failure to meet this announcement. They can protect the financial position of the company by buying put options that can be exercised in case the company fails to discover the cure for cancer (and so its share will bottom down).
Such options that are issued by the company itself are called warrants. Hedging with options or warrants can be used against numerous potential declines in the share price or the whole market. Thus hedging helps to protect companies against financial instability.
Options can also be used in incentive payment schemes from companies to employees, who can be offered call options that can be exercised in the future when the corporate share will be higher. This offer provides a motivation to workers to push the share up by improving their working performance. Thus companies achieve with this indirect payment method increased proctivity gains.
Another potential beneficial use of options is tax planning. Big multinational corporations can make use the of differences in tax legislation in the different countries they operate, and manage to rece the whole payable tax or their cost of capital by trading options in different jurisdictions. Tax practitioners can design option trading in such ways that they achieve tax dections without significant changes in the financial position of the corporation.
Hedging can also take place with futures on underlying commodities. Many major procers are uncertain of the future price of commodities essential to their business and so they use futures to ensure their proction costs against price rises. Thus, they are willing to pay a premium that will ensure them against price volatilities. Under the same rationale, large investors that hold big and diversified portfolios, which are sensitive to the overall movements of share indexes, might want to hedge with share index futures. In that way they can rece their losses if the indexes plunge.
All derivatives that are contingent to interest rate payments can also be used to hedge risks that occur from floating rates. FRAs are specifically useful in this case since they assure their holders against interest rate falls. Slightly alternative interest rate hedging techniques are used in Caps and Floors. These hedging techniques are particularly useful to firms that need to eliminate or rece their exposure to interest rate short-term fluctuations and thus they are willing to pay a risk premium.
Risks that are associated with exchange rate volatility can also be hedged by using derivatives. Intra country economic transactions are priced according to the relative exchange rates of the currencies involved. For instance, an exported commodity that is priced one British pound in the UK does not have a steady value in Euros throughout time. This means that the same transaction can have different value, according to the level of the currency exchange rate. Multinational corporations and firms that are directly implicated to foreign trade (imports/exports) are exceptionally sensitive to volatile exchange rates and thus they are looking to employ derivatives that can help rece this uncertainty. Futures can be used to ensure a currency transaction in the future, regardless of the exchange rate in that future time. Or when firms require greater flexibility they can use currency forwards that are not as standardised as futures and can also be indivially tailored. Alternatively, firms can use currency options that not only allow them to hedge foreign exchange risk but also to make additional profits if the exchange rate is favourable.
In conclusion, derivative securities have increased the capability of financial managers to improve the financial position of their firms and mitigate uncertainty regarding the future of the business and the financial markets. The importance of derivatives can nowadays be observed by the exploding evolution of derivative exchange markets in developed economies all over the world. Derivatives, that represent a contractual agreement towards either the right or the obligation of the contractors to proceed to a pre-specified transaction in the future, can take different forms and variations, according to the specific needs of the business. However, their most common function is to rece the risk involved in future economic transactions, so that firms or institutions can be more secured against economic uncertainty that has noticeably has imposed immense costs on entrepreneurial activities in the past. This altering of the risk profile of corporate activity, also known as hedging, can sometimes also contribute to the simultaneous achievement of great profits, allocating even more importance to derivative instruments. Furthermore, derivatives can prove beneficial to companies when used in incentive payment schemes, tax planning or loan repayments. Following the increasing use of derivative instruments the last thirty years, it is certain that their corporate use will be even more augmented through the design and implementation of new types.
References
Arnold, G. (2005), Handbook of corporate finance, Financial Times Prentice Hall
Eales, B., A., (1995), Financial Risk Management, McGraw Hill: Maidenhead
Hull, J., C., (2000), Options futures and other derivatives, (5th edit.), Prentice Hall International
Taylor, F., (2000), Mastering derivatives markets, (2nd edit.), Financial Times Prentice Hall
Winston, D., (1995), Financial Derivatives, Chapman and Hall: London
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② 求商務英語論文一篇800字左右
關鍵詞是從論文的題名、提要和
正文中選取出來的，是對表述論文的中心內容有實質意義的詞彙。關鍵詞是用作計算機系統標引論文內容特徵的詞語，便於信息系統匯集，以供讀者檢索。每篇論文
一般選取3-8個詞彙作為關鍵詞，另起一行，排在「提要」的左下方。
主題詞是經過規范化的詞，在確定主題詞時，要對論文進行主題分析，依照標引和組配規則轉換成主題詞表中的規范詞語。（參見《 漢語主題詞表》和《世界漢語主題詞表》）。
論文正文
（1）
引言：引言又稱前言、序言和導言，用在論文的開頭。引言一般要概括地寫出作者意圖，說明選題的目的和意義,
並指出論文寫作的范圍。引言要短小精悍、緊扣主題。〈2）論文正文：正文是論文的主體，正文應包括論點、論據、論證過程和結論。主體部分包括以下內
容：a.提出問題- 論點； b.分析問題-論據和論證；c.解決問題-論證方法與步驟；d. 結論。
參考文獻
一篇論文的參考文獻是將論文在研究和寫作中可參考或引證的主要文獻資料，列於論文的末尾。參考文獻應另起一頁，標注方式按《GB7714-87文後參考文獻著錄規則》進行。
論文裝訂
論文的有關部分全部抄清完了，經過檢查，再沒有什麼問題，把它裝成冊，再加上封面。論文的封面要樸素大方，要寫出論文的題目、學校、科系、指導教師姓名、作者姓名、完成年月日。論文的題目的作者姓名一定要寫在表皮上，不要寫裡面的補頁上。
③ 商務英語專業論文
商務英語翻譯的文化適應性問題探析內容摘要:隨著世界經濟一體化趨勢日漸明顯,國家、地區之間聯系緊密化態勢不斷增強,商務英語在經濟組織交往活動中日益發揮重要作用,如何有效利用商務英語實現經濟組織交往的無縫對接成為亟待解決的難題。本文立足商務英語翻譯現狀,以企業文化理論為分析背景,以企業文化適應性特徵為切入點,探討了商務英語翻譯過程中的文化適應性問題,以期為商務英語翻譯工作提供有益借鑒和參考。
關鍵詞:商務英語 翻譯 文化適應性
商務英語翻譯問題概述
從某種意義上講,國家間、地區間經濟交往的實質是國家文化、地區文化的互動、交流與接觸。在不同文化的交互過程中,首先面臨的問題就是弱化和消除文化障礙,實現文化溝通和交流。英語作為國家間、地區間經濟交往和商務往來的有效工具,具有存在形式的多樣性與表達方式的多樣性等特點,這些特徵不僅反映著國家、地區間文化的差異性,也影響著商務英語翻譯的准確性。因此,商務英語翻譯必須注重國外企業與本國企業之間的文化差異。
作為一種社會存在,文化環境是一個不同區域、行業、特徵和性質的文化交織影響、能動滲透的有機能動場,尤其是其中的文化傳統有著較強的波及力和輻射力,會對社會生活的諸多方面造成影響效應,商務英語翻譯也不例外。企業文化是企業在長期發展演化過程中形成的歷史產物,是社會文化在企業組織管理實踐中的折射,也是西方管理理論在經歷「經濟人」、「社會人」、「自我實現的人」與「復雜人」假設之後,對組織的文化價值、經營理念、管理過程和未來經營業績關系的又一次重新審視。企業文化滲透於企業的一切活動中,又流溢於企業的一切活動之上,既是企業組織的基因和靈魂,也是企業持續發展的潛在動力和重要保障;既是制度性和非制度性、絕對性和相對性的辯證統一,也是批判性和繼承性、穩定性和動態性的有機結合。商務英語翻譯過程中的文化適應,應關注和把握以下三個方面:
重視商務英語翻譯的外部環境
密切關注國外企業文化的最新成果,充分考慮商務英語翻譯的外部環境。隨著我國企業改革的深化、國內市場經濟進程的加快和經濟全球化趨勢的推進,東西方文化的交流滲透成為不可逆轉的歷史潮流,學習市場經濟國家先進的企業文化逐漸成為培育和創新我國企業文化的重要途徑。但實事求是地分析,對如何借鑒、學習、吸收和內化國外先進企業文化成果在商務英語翻譯過程中的適應性、可移植性等關鍵問題,並沒有從理論上、學術上加以明確描述和科學闡明。目前,商務英語翻譯過程中對待國外先進企業文化或多或少、或輕或重存在以下方面的不足:
局限和滿足於介紹和翻譯,而忽視根據本土社會特殊的文化背景、文化特徵進行商務英語翻譯,以及對國外先進企業文化的吸收、修正和創造性地應用。
忽視文化盤點,即忽視國外先進企業文化的制約性,不注重原產地文化與本土文化的差異性與共同性分析,在商務英語翻譯過程中未從方法論角度把握其來龍去脈,缺乏對國外先進企業文化成果深層次的文化學透視。
缺乏對我國本土文化獨特性的准確認識,未經系統科學地分析就直接從國外先進的企業文化中演繹出各種關於商務英語翻譯的手段、設想、方式與模式,企圖在較短的時期內來完成商務英語翻譯工作。實踐證明,單純考慮國外企業文化,不會產生與國內企業商務交往活動的英語翻譯理論及實踐操作方式,也不會促進國內企業商務活動的持續、深入和有效地開展,反而給企業商務交往與活動的有效開展帶來很大障礙,造成企業生存力、發展力和競爭力的巨大破壞。把握國內外企業文化之間的內在耦合性與本質差異性
事實上,在商務英語翻譯過程中一個非常重要而又往往被忽視的環節就是文化的適應性。當然,文化適應性的觀點決不是否認不同商務英語翻譯的相互借鑒和學習,但國外先進企業文化不能原封不動地滲透到商務英語翻譯過程中,商務英語翻譯必須注意文化適應性問題。國內外眾多專家學者的研究表明,東西方管理文化存在諸多方面的差異,彼此各有優勢,很難找到一條客觀、有效的商務英語翻譯標准。對於商務英語翻譯過程中存在的一些現象和問題,究其本質是由國內外企業文化之間的內在耦合性與本質差異性所致。因此,在我國企業商務英語翻譯過程中一定要注意文化適應性問題,注重跨文化的比較研究,反映國外企業文化特性,才能更好的造就企業商務英語翻譯在企業商務創新實踐中實現實質性轉變和歷史性飛躍。本文認為,商務英語翻譯的首要前提應該是注重國內外企業文化之間的內在耦合性與本質差異性,有效體現國內外企業商務活動交往之間的文化適應性。
全面構建商務英語翻譯的內部環境
文化適應性作為商務英語翻譯能否取得實質性突破的關鍵要素,說明商務英語翻譯要與我國傳統文化價值理念相一致。商務英語翻譯是體現企業亞文化的一種手段,是社會宏觀的大文化在企業中的投射,因而商務英語翻譯必須體現出社會的宏觀大文化。所以,中國企業商務英語翻譯的文化基礎就應該是中國優秀的傳統文化,中華五千年的歷史文化是人類的一種本原文化,是在與各種文化、思想、觀念不斷碰撞、借鑒和融合的歷史過程中積淀而成,是中華民族智慧的結晶與表徵。儒家的「仁、義、禮、智、信」思想,道家的「天人合一」思想,「道可道,非常道」的真理追求意識,「無為而治」的管理意識和「有生於無」的創造觀以及孫子的「五事七計」以道為首的思想等優秀傳統文化,無疑是培育和建構商務英語翻譯理論的重要基石。
長期以來,我國商務英語翻譯理論缺乏中國特色,究其原因主要是沒有把中國傳統文化中的思想精華借鑒和應用到商務英語翻譯理論中。實踐表明,只有建立紮根於現實土壤、具有我國傳統文化特色的商務英語翻譯,才能使企業發展具備永續的原動力和發展的持久力。例如,海爾的「In Good Faith Forever」,集中反映了德、信、人尊、人與人之間親和的傳統精神在企業文化中的延續,也正是由於海爾把傳統文化作為商務英語翻譯過程中的一個重要因素和重要組成部分來認識,從無序到有序,從有序到體系,從體繫到高度,從高度到延伸,將諸多競爭對手遠遠拋於身後。
綜上所述,商務英語翻譯應置於中國的傳統文化背景中去深入探討。研究商務英語翻譯與中國傳統文化和當代社會文化的關系,商務英語翻譯與企業管理、企業環境、企業發展和企業創新的關系等,提出具有中國特色的商務英語翻譯理論體系和模式,加強商務英語翻譯理論應用、測量、評估、診斷和追蹤的實證性研究,從而形成獨具特色的商務英語翻譯管理模式,推動經濟組織交往的無縫對接。
參考文獻:
1.趙雪濤,王明輝.淺談商務英語翻譯與文化關聯[J].商場現代化,2008(24)
2.楊恕華.商務英語翻譯的特點[J].科技信息(學術版),2006(7)
3.劉潔.談商業廣告翻譯中的文化對接現象[J].商業時代,2008(36)
④ 商務英語專業論文題目
提供一些商務英語專業的論文題目，供參考。
1. 《影響中國學生英語口語流利性的障礙研究》
2. 《跨文化交際中英語口語能力的培養》
3. 《商務英語的特點及翻譯技巧》
4. 《商務英語函電在對外貿易中的作用》
5. 《單證員/報關員/跟單員等在國際貿易中的地位》
6. 《商務英語函電翻譯技巧》
7. 《商務談判中英語的重要性》
8. 《淺談出口結匯風險的防範》
9. 《中國退稅制度的改革及其影響》
10. 《商標名稱的翻譯與策略》
11. 《外貿企業信用風險管理與控制》
12. 《２００７年外資銀行在我國本土注冊探討》
13. 《我國利用國際貸款/國際援助現狀分析》
14. 《WTO與我國反傾銷探討》
15. 《我國對外直接投資之現狀》
16. 《內陸地區對外貿易發展策略研究》
17. 《中印兩國兩國對外貿易戰略分析》
18. 《人民幣升值對我國出口貿易的影響》
19. 《淺談商務英語寫作時避免修飾語錯位的方法 》
20. 《商務函電翻譯的用詞技巧》
21. 《外商直接在華投資探討》
22. 《社會文化遷移對中國式英語的影響》
23. 《我國外貿出口品牌戰略的實施與研究》
24. 《商務英語專業口語課程教學探討》
25. 《入世對我國農產品貿易的影響與對策研究》
26. 《應對經濟全球化，加快我國企業跨國經營》
27. 《英語寫作中常見中式英語分析》
28. 《入世商務英語寫作的研究》
29. 《制單工作在國際結算中的地位》
30. 《關稅壁壘與非關稅壁壘探討》
31. 《淺談實質利益談判法》
32. 《國際電子商務發展面臨的新問題》
33. 《學生商務英語寫作中的錯誤與商務英語寫作教學之間的關系》
34. 《大學生在運用定語從句時常見錯誤及分析其原因》
35. 《跨國公司在華擴張模式透析》
36. 《漢譯英中遇到新詞語的譯法問題》
37. 英漢互譯中詞義的不對應（文化意義、風格意義、修辭意義等）
38. 形象語在寫作中的修辭效果
39. 形象語在英漢詩歌互譯中處理手段上的差異
40. 我國中小企業開拓國際市場之探討
41. ＂１０＋１＂自由貿易區未來前景展望
42. 漢語中新詞彙的翻譯技巧
43. 商務英語的特徵與翻譯
44. 珠江三角洲外貿現狀及存在的問題
45. 南昌現利用外資縱談
46. 廣州／深圳等地區三資企業結構分析
47. 淺談廣州等地區外貿企業的困境與出路
⑤ 求一篇商務英語的畢業論文~~！！！
淺議商務英語的譯翻譯技巧
[摘 要] 隨著國際貿易和國際營銷等跨國商務運作的日益頻繁,商務英語翻譯作為一種交流手段和媒介起著至關重要的作用。同時商務英語是一門具有專門用途的英語,形成了自身的文體特徵,它要求選詞恰當、精確,具有用語禮貌、表意清晰。因此商務英語翻譯必須具有一定的翻譯技巧,才能在商務交流中體現它的實用效果。
商務英語是為國際商務活動這一特定的專業學科服務的專門用途英語,所涉及的專業范圍很廣,並具有獨特的語言現象和表現內容、文體復雜。商務英語翻譯要求翻譯者具備豐富的商務理論和商務實踐知識,為了提高翻譯質量,翻譯者必須具備一定的自身條件。
第一,翻譯者的漢語功底要好。很多人往往忽視這一點,認為漢語是自己的母語,憑著自己原來的底子應付翻譯中的問題,是綽綽有餘的。然而在真正的翻譯過程中,為了一個詞語或者一個句型,冥思苦想了半天也得不到一個滿意的結果。有時好不容易想出來了也覺得不夠理想。由此可見,漢語表達能力和對漢語理解能力的大小直接影響翻譯的好壞。下功夫學好漢語,打好漢語基礎對於翻譯是十分重要的。
第二,英語語言能力要強。全面的語法知識和大量的詞彙量缺一不可。如果只有大量的詞彙量,而沒有較好的英語語法知識。翻譯過程中譯者的理解肯定是錯誤百出,而且牛頭不對馬嘴。因此我們要提高在英漢翻譯中對於英文句子理解的准確性及漢英翻譯中英文表達的准確性。
第三,知識面要廣。商務英語翻譯中要很好的做到這一點,就要掌握商務理論和貿易實務等理論知識及貿易實踐經驗。同時譯者還要具有豐富的網路知識,對天文地理、古今中外不說通曉,也要了解其中的一些基本知識。沒有一定的常識,譯者的語言水平即使再高,也是無法做好翻譯工作的。
一、一詞多義
同一個詞,由於語境不同,其詞義可千差萬別。試看下面幾個例子:
1.They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. 他們生意信譽已盪然無存。
2.They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China,London.
他們已從倫敦中國銀行開立了有關信用證。
以上兩個句子credit 詞義都有所區別。
二、詞類轉譯
詞類轉譯是國際商務翻譯中常見的譯詞技巧。常見的有名詞與動詞、介詞與動詞的互相轉譯。
1.名詞與動詞的互相轉譯, 如:
Before the payment of these tariffs, the imported goods will bein the custody of the customs.
交關稅前, 進口貨物由海關保管。( 由於語法限制, 只有用名詞形式,但譯成漢語時,「payment」譯作「交」)
2 . 介詞與動詞的互相轉譯
在許多場合下, 介詞轉譯成動詞時, 需要依據上下文進行引申,具體地進行翻譯。如:
We should advise you to get in touch with them for your requirements.
建議你方與他們取得聯系, 洽購所需商品。
三、詞義引伸
在商務英語翻譯中,有時會遇到某些詞在詞典上難以找到貼切具體上下文詞義,如生搬硬套,譯文往往語意不清,甚至導致誤解。在這種情況下,需要根據上下文和邏輯關系,從該詞固有基本含義出發,進一步加以引伸。例如:
The arrivals do not conform to the sample.
如果將arrival這個詞的詞義直接放入譯文,顯然不能正確表達原文的意義,所以需要進一步的引申。
四、詞量增減
在商務英語翻譯實踐中,詞量增減也是很重要的一個翻譯技巧。翻譯過程中要根據原文上下文意思、邏輯關系以及譯文語言句法特點和表達習慣,在翻譯時有時增加原文字面沒有出現但實際內容已包含詞,或者減去原文雖有但譯文語言表達用不著詞。 1.增詞
根據具體上下文,可增加動詞、形容詞、名詞或別詞類,但在什麼時候增加什麼樣詞,才能恰到好處,而不超出一定界限,則需要在長期的翻譯過程中實踐和積累。如:All cash bonus shall be subject to income tax.所有現金紅利,均須繳納所得稅。(根據漢語行文習慣,增加動詞)
2.減詞
減詞譯法可以使譯文言簡意賅,改變翻譯中逐字翻譯作造成的累贅、拖沓或不符合行文習慣,甚至產生歧義的現象。 如:On condition that you sign this receipt, I will pay the money.
你在收據上簽字,我就付款。
五、商務英語中的常用術語翻譯
商務英語翻譯中包含大量的詞彙,因此對於常見詞彙的精確運用在翻譯中很重要。作為商務英語翻譯工作者就要大量的掌握這些具有商務含義的普通詞和復合詞和縮略詞語。
如價格常用術語FOB,CIF 有其特定的專業內容,又如C.W.O定貨付款;B/L 提貨單;L/C 信用證;C.O.D 貨到付現;W.P.A 水漬險;blue chip 藍籌股、績優股;bad debt 呆賬,等等。總之,商務英語翻譯不能拘泥於形式,在保證原文的信息量最大限度地傳遞到譯文中的前提下,翻譯者可以靈活運用譯入語,已達到語義信息、風格信息和文體信息的最大程度的對等,同時商務英語翻譯要遵循商務專業用語。所以要求商務英語翻譯工作者要掌握大量的專業詞彙及翻譯技巧。
參考文獻:
[1]葛 平:外貿英語函電[M].上海財經大學出版社,2004
[2]余富林等著:商務英語翻譯[M].北京:中國商務出版社,2003
[3]李 平:國際經貿英語教程[M].中國國際廣播出版社,1999
[4]王學文:新編經貿口譯教程[M].中國對外經濟貿易出版社,2001
[5]陳蘇東 陳建平:商務英語翻譯[M].高等教育出版社,2005
[6]王治奎:大學英漢翻譯教程[M].山東大學出版社,2004
[7]曾蕙蘭:進出口實用英語[M].外文出版社,2003
[8]馮慶華:實用翻譯教程[M].上海外語教育出版社,2003
⑥ 商務英語專業的畢業論文可以寫哪些方面
提供一些商務英語專業畢業論文的題目和寫作方向，供參考。 1. 《影響中國學生英語口語流利性的障礙研究》 2. 《跨文化交際中英語口語能力的培養》 3. 《商務英語的特點及翻譯技巧》 4. 《商務英語函電在對外貿易中的作用》 5. 《單證員/報關員/跟單員等在國際貿易中的地位》 6. 《商務英語函電翻譯技巧》 7. 《商務談判中英語的重要性》 8. 《淺談出口結匯風險的防範》 9. 《中國退稅制度的改革及其影響》 10. 《商標名稱的翻譯與策略》 11. 《外貿企業信用風險管理與控制》 12. 《２００７年外資銀行在我國本土注冊探討》 13. 《我國利用國際貸款/國際援助現狀分析》 14. 《WTO與我國反傾銷探討》 15. 《我國對外直接投資之現狀》 16. 《內陸地區對外貿易發展策略研究》 17. 《中印兩國兩國對外貿易戰略分析》 18. 《人民幣升值對我國出口貿易的影響》 19. 《淺談商務英語寫作時避免修飾語錯位的方法 》 20. 《商務函電翻譯的用詞技巧》 21. 《外商直接在華投資探討》 22. 《社會文化遷移對中國式英語的影響》 23. 《我國外貿出口品牌戰略的實施與研究》 24. 《商務英語專業口語課程教學探討》 25. 《入世對我國農產品貿易的影響與對策研究》 26. 《應對經濟全球化，加快我國企業跨國經營》 27. 《英語寫作中常見中式英語分析》 28. 《入世商務英語寫作的研究》 29. 《制單工作在國際結算中的地位》 30. 《關稅壁壘與非關稅壁壘探討》 31. 《淺談實質利益談判法》 32. 《國際電子商務發展面臨的新問題》 33. 《學生商務英語寫作中的錯誤與商務英語寫作教學之間的關系》 34. 《大學生在運用定語從句時常見錯誤及分析其原因》 35. 《跨國公司在華擴張模式透析》 36. 《漢譯英中遇到新詞語的譯法問題》 37. 英漢互譯中詞義的不對應（文化意義、風格意義、修辭意義等） 38. 形象語在寫作中的修辭效果 39. 形象語在英漢詩歌互譯中處理手段上的差異 40. 我國中小企業開拓國際市場之探討 41. ＂１０＋１＂自由貿易區未來前景展望 42. 漢語中新詞彙的翻譯技巧 43. 商務英語的特徵與翻譯 44. 珠江三角洲外貿現狀及存在的問題 45. 南昌現利用外資縱談 46. 廣州／深圳等地區三資企業結構分析 47. 淺談廣州等地區外貿企業的困境與出路
⑦ 商務英語和營銷英語學習方面的論文應該怎麼寫
只要每天堅持20分鍾能和老外互動就可以了，我上了差不多快三個月了
⑧ 急求一篇商務英語方面的論文
您好，關於商務英語方面的論文，您可到相關網站進行查詢。歡迎向158教育在線知道提問
⑨ 電子商務英語論文 電子商務的幾種商務模式
據統計，電子商務目前擁有B2B、B2C、C2C、B2M、C2B、M2C、B2A（即B2G）、C2A（即C2G）模式，但隨著電子商務版的發展，以後權會向哪個模式發展或衍生什麼樣的模式那就要看以後的市場該如何變化了。
B2B = Business to Business
B2C = Business to Customer
C2C = Consumer to Consumer
B2M = Business to Manager
M2C = Manager to Consumer
B2A = Business to Administration
C2B=customer to business
⑩ 求一篇商務英語專業的論文！3000字！
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